In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 34
And the horror of stupendous height, and the nightmare of stupendous depth, and the terror of silence, ever grew and grew, and weighed upon the pilgrim, and held his feet,—so that suddenly all power departed from him, and he moaned like a sleeper in dreams.
Who acts: power · What happens: grow, weigh, hold, depart, moan · To what, where: feet, horror
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (power), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 horror | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 horror | det |
| 3 | horror | horror | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 height | case |
| 5 | stupendous | stupendous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 height | amod |
| 6 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 horror | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 nightmare | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 nightmare | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 nightmare | det |
| 10 | nightmare | nightmare | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 horror | conj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 depth | case |
| 12 | stupendous | stupendous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 depth | amod |
| 13 | depth | depth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 nightmare | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 terror | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 terror | cc |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 terror | det |
| 17 | terror | terror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 nightmare | parataxis |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 silence | case |
| 19 | silence | silence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 terror | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 grew | punct |
| 21 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 22 grew | advmod |
| 22 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 terror | parataxis |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 grew | cc |
| 24 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 grew | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 weighed | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 weighed | cc |
| 27 | weighed | weigh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 grew | conj |
| 28 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 30 pilgrim | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 pilgrim | det |
| 30 | pilgrim | pilgrim | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 weighed | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 held | punct |
| 32 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 held | cc |
| 33 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 weighed | conj |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 feet | nmod:poss |
| 35 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 held | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 departed | punct |
| 37 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 43 departed | punct |
| 38 | so | so | SCONJ | ExtPos=SCONJ | 43 departed | mark |
| 39 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 38 so | fixed |
| 40 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 42 power | advmod |
| 41 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 42 power | det |
| 42 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 departed | nsubj |
| 43 | departed | depart | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 feet | acl:relcl |
| 44 | from | from | ADP | _ | 45 him | case |
| 45 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 departed | obl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 moaned | punct |
| 47 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 moaned | cc |
| 48 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 moaned | nsubj |
| 49 | moaned | moan | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 weighed | conj |
| 50 | like | like | ADP | _ | 52 sleeper | case |
| 51 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 52 sleeper | det |
| 52 | sleeper | sleeper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 moaned | obl |
| 53 | in | in | ADP | _ | 54 dreams | case |
| 54 | dreams | dream | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 moaned | obl |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 horror | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | past | ever | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | grow | past | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | weigh | past | upon the pilgrim | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | hold | past | sun's feet | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent foot=Theme | |||||
| 5 | depart | past | all power | sun's feet not said here | from sun | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme foot=Initial_Location | |||
| 6 | moan | past | power | like a sleeper; in dreams | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in dream=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/34/