In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 9
There was in that place no sign of life,—neither token of water, nor trace of plant, nor shadow of flying bird,—nothing but desolation rising to desolation.
What happens: be, fly, rise, sign, shadow · To what, where: trace, place, desolation, life, flying bird
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 was | expl |
| 2 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 place | case |
| 4 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 place | det |
| 5 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | obl |
| 6 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 7 sign | det |
| 7 | sign | sign | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 place | appos |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 life | case |
| 9 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sign | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 token | punct |
| 11 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 token | punct |
| 12 | neither | neither | DET | PronType=Neg | 13 token | det |
| 13 | token | token | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 sign | conj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 water | case |
| 15 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 token | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 trace | punct |
| 17 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 18 trace | cc |
| 18 | trace | trace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 plant | case |
| 20 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 trace | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 shadow | punct |
| 22 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 23 shadow | cc |
| 23 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 was | parataxis |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 bird | case |
| 25 | flying | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 bird | amod |
| 26 | bird | bird | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 shadow | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 nothing | punct |
| 28 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 29 nothing | punct |
| 29 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 23 shadow | conj |
| 30 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 31 desolation | cc |
| 31 | desolation | desolation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 nothing | conj |
| 32 | rising | rise | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 29 nothing | acl |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 desolation | case |
| 34 | desolation | desolation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 rising | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | trace of plant | that place; there | shadow of flying bird nothing desolation parataxis | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location | |||
| 2 | fly | gerund | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | rise | gerund | desolation | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to desolation=Initial_Location | |||||
| 4 | sign | life | nom sign «communication transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 5 | shadow | flying bird | nom shadow «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/9/