In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 90
As it was thought shameful to bury her in the foul rags found upon her, some poor person gave a wornout summer-robe (_katabira_) to wrap her body in; and she was interred near Arashiyama at a spot still pointed out to travellers as the “Place of the Katabira” (_Katabira-no-Tsuchi_).
Who acts: foul rags, poor person, wornout · What happens: think, bury, find, give, robe, wrap in · To what, where: many, Komachi, body, Arashiyama, travellers
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foul rags, poor person, wornout), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 thought | mark |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 thought | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 thought | aux:pass |
| 4 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 gave | advcl |
| 5 | shameful | shameful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 thought | xcomp |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 bury | mark |
| 7 | bury | bury | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 shameful | xcomp |
| 8 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 bury | obj |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 rags | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 rags | det |
| 11 | foul | foul | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 rags | amod |
| 12 | rags | rag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 found | nsubj |
| 13 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 thought | parataxis |
| 14 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 15 her | case |
| 15 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 found | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 thought | punct |
| 17 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 person | det |
| 18 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 person | amod |
| 19 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 gave | nsubj |
| 20 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 robe | det |
| 22 | wornout | wornout | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 robe | nsubj |
| 23 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 robe | compound |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 robe | punct |
| 25 | robe | robe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 gave | obj |
| 26 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 28 katabira | punct |
| 27 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 28 katabira | punct |
| 28 | katabira | katabira | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 robe | appos |
| 29 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 28 katabira | punct |
| 30 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 28 katabira | punct |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 wrap | mark |
| 32 | wrap | wrap | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 gave | advcl |
| 33 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 34 body | nmod:poss |
| 34 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 wrap | obj |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 32 wrap | compound:prt |
| 36 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 interred | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 interred | cc |
| 38 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 interred | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 interred | aux:pass |
| 40 | interred | inter | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 gave | conj |
| 41 | near | near | ADP | _ | 42 Arashiyama | case |
| 42 | Arashiyama | Arashiyama | PROPN | Number=Sing | 40 interred | obl |
| 43 | at | at | ADP | _ | 45 spot | case |
| 44 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 spot | det |
| 45 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 interred | obl |
| 46 | still | still | ADV | _ | 47 pointed | advmod |
| 47 | pointed | point | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 interred | advcl |
| 48 | out | out | ADP | _ | 47 pointed | compound:prt |
| 49 | to | to | ADP | _ | 50 travellers | case |
| 50 | travellers | traveller | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 pointed | obl |
| 51 | as | as | ADP | _ | 54 Place | case |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 Place | det |
| 53 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 54 Place | punct |
| 54 | Place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 pointed | obl |
| 55 | of | of | ADP | _ | 57 Katabira | case |
| 56 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 57 Katabira | det |
| 57 | Katabira | Katabira | PROPN | Number=Sing | 54 Place | nmod |
| 58 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 57 Katabira | punct |
| 59 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 61 Katabira | punct |
| 60 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 61 Katabira | punct |
| 61 | Katabira | Katabira | PROPN | Number=Sing | 57 Katabira | appos |
| 62 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 65 Tsuchi | punct |
| 63 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 65 Tsuchi | det |
| 64 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 65 Tsuchi | punct |
| 65 | Tsuchi | Tsuchi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 61 Katabira | conj |
| 66 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 61 Katabira | punct |
| 67 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 61 Katabira | punct |
| 68 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past · passive | many | shameful property | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | bury | to-infinitive | Komachi | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme | |||||
| 3 | find | past | the foul rags | upon Komachi | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | give | past | some poor person | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | robe | wornout | katabira appos | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | wrap in | to-infinitive | some poor person not said here | Komachi's body | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent body=Theme | ||||
| 7 | inter | past · passive | Komachi | Arashiyama | at a spot | tree rules | |||
| 8 | point out | past | travellers | still | as the Place of the Katabira | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to traveller=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/90/