In Ghostly Japan, Opening, sentence 96
It is bathed by a slanting stream of sunshine,—the darkness beneath and beyond is the dusk of a temple-chamber.
Who acts: slanting stream, darkness · What happens: bath, slant, be · To what, where: Most, dusk
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (slanting stream, darkness), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 bathed | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 bathed | aux:pass |
| 3 | bathed | bath | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 stream | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 stream | det |
| 6 | slanting | slant | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 stream | amod |
| 7 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bathed | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 sunshine | case |
| 9 | sunshine | sunshine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 stream | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 bathed | punct |
| 11 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 darkness | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 darkness | det |
| 13 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 dusk | nsubj |
| 14 | beneath | beneath | ADV | _ | 13 darkness | advmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 beyond | cc |
| 16 | beyond | beyond | ADV | _ | 14 beneath | conj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 dusk | cop |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 dusk | det |
| 19 | dusk | dusk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bathed | parataxis |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 chamber | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 chamber | det |
| 22 | temple | temple | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 chamber | compound |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 temple | punct |
| 24 | chamber | chamber | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 dusk | nmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 bathed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bath | present · passive | a slanting stream of sunshine | Most | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | slant | gerund | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | is a | present | the darkness | the dusk | of a temple chamber | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/1/96/