In Ghostly Japan, Autumn Fancies, sentence 2
_(2) Strangely sad, I thought, sounded the bell of evening;— Haply that tone proclaimed the night in which autumn dies!
Who acts: I, tone · What happens: think, sound, proclaim, die · To what, where: bell · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Autumn Fancies. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, tone), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 sad | nsubj |
| 2 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 3 2 | punct |
| 3 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 1 _ | appos |
| 4 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 3 2 | punct |
| 5 | Strangely | strangely | ADV | _ | 6 sad | advmod |
| 6 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 thought | punct |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 thought | nsubj |
| 9 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 sad | parataxis |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 sounded | punct |
| 11 | sounded | sound | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 thought | ccomp |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 bell | det |
| 13 | bell | bell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 sounded | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 evening | case |
| 15 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 bell | nmod |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 6 sad | punct |
| 17 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 Haply | punct |
| 18 | Haply | haply | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 dies | csubj |
| 19 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 proclaimed | obj |
| 20 | tone | tone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 proclaimed | nsubj |
| 21 | proclaimed | proclaim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 Haply | acl:relcl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 night | det |
| 23 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 proclaimed | obl:unmarked |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 autumn | case |
| 25 | which | which | DET | PronType=Int | 26 autumn | det |
| 26 | autumn | autumn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 proclaimed | obl |
| 27 | dies | die | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 sad | parataxis |
| 28 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 6 sad | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past | I | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | sound | past | the bell of evening | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bell=Theme | |||||
| 3 | proclaim | past | tone | autumn; night | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme | ||||
| 4 | die | present | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/19/2/