In Ghostly Japan, In Time of Grief, Hearing a Sémi (cicada), sentence 1
_Only “I,” “I,”—the cry of the foolish semi!
Who acts: foolish semi · What happens: cry · To what, where: cry
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, In Time of Grief, Hearing a Sémi (cicada). The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foolish semi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 4 I | punct |
| 2 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 4 I | advmod |
| 3 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 I | punct |
| 4 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 13 cry | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 I | punct |
| 6 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 I | punct |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 I | punct |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 I | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 I | punct |
| 10 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 I | punct |
| 11 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 cry | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 cry | det |
| 13 | cry | cry | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 semi | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 semi | det |
| 16 | foolish | foolish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 semi | amod |
| 17 | semi | semi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 cry | nmod |
| 18 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 13 cry | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | cry | the foolish semi | nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/20/1/