In Ghostly Japan, Shintō Revery, sentence 1
_Mad waves devour The rocks: I ask myself in the darkness, “Have I become a god?”
Who acts: Mad waves, I · What happens: devour, ask, become · To what, where: rocks, myself, darkness, god · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Shintō Revery. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mad waves, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 4 devour | punct |
| 2 | Mad | mad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 waves | amod |
| 3 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 devour | nsubj |
| 4 | devour | devour | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 rocks | det |
| 6 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 devour | obj |
| 7 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 ask | punct |
| 8 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 9 ask | nsubj |
| 9 | ask | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 devour | parataxis |
| 10 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 9 ask | iobj |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 darkness | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 darkness | det |
| 13 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 ask | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 become | punct |
| 15 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 become | punct |
| 16 | Have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 become | aux |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 become | nsubj |
| 18 | become | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 ask | conj |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 god | det |
| 20 | god | god | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 become | xcomp |
| 21 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 devour | punct |
| 22 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 devour | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | devour | infinitive | Mad waves | the rocks | vn devour-39.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rock=Patient | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | present | I | myself | the darkness | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent myself=Recipient | |||
| 3 | become in a quote | present | I | a god | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/23/1/