In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 181
[31] Refers to the joy of meeting a good friend in time of misfortune.
Who acts: 31, joy · What happens: refer, meet · To what, where: good friend
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (31, joy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 31 | punct |
| 2 | 31 | 31 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 Refers | nsubj |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 31 | punct |
| 4 | Refers | refer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 joy | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 joy | det |
| 7 | joy | joy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 Refers | obl |
| 8 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 9 meeting | mark |
| 9 | meeting | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 joy | acl |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 friend | det |
| 11 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 friend | amod |
| 12 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 meeting | obj |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 time | case |
| 14 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 meeting | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 misfortune | case |
| 16 | misfortune | misfortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 time | nmod |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 Refers | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | refer | present | 31 | to the joy | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to joy=Co-Theme | ||||
| 2 | meet | gerund | the joy not said here | a good friend | time | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/24/181/