In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 53
The proverb suggests that the higher truths of Buddhism cannot be acquired by those who continue to live in the world of follies and desires.
Who acts: proverb, those · What happens: suggest, not acquire, continue, live · To what, where: higher truths, world · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (proverb, those), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 proverb | det |
| 2 | proverb | proverb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 suggests | nsubj |
| 3 | suggests | suggest | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 acquired | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 truths | det |
| 6 | higher | high | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 7 truths | amod |
| 7 | truths | truth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 acquired | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 Buddhism | case |
| 9 | Buddhism | Buddhism | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 truths | nmod |
| 10 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 acquired | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 acquired | advmod |
| 12 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 13 acquired | aux:pass |
| 13 | acquired | acquire | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 suggests | ccomp |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 those | case |
| 15 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 13 acquired | obl |
| 16 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 continue | nsubj |
| 17 | continue | continue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 those | acl:relcl |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 live | mark |
| 19 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 continue | xcomp |
| 20 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 world | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 world | det |
| 22 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 live | obl |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 follies | case |
| 24 | follies | folly | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 world | nmod |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 desires | cc |
| 26 | desires | desire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 follies | conj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 suggests | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | suggest speech: suggest | present | the proverb | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | not acquire | can · passive | those | the higher truths of Buddhism | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Theme | ||||
| 3 | continue | present | who nsubj | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | live | to-infinitive | the world of follies and desires | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in world=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/24/53/