In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1, sentence 58
Whatever hap-piness we enjoy is not less a consequence of the acts and thoughts of previous lives, than is any misfortune that comes to us.
Who acts: we, hap piness, misfortune · What happens: enjoy, be, come, think · To what, where: hap piness, consequence, us, previous lives
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, hap piness, misfortune), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Whatever | whatever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 4 piness | det:predet |
| 2 | hap | hap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 piness | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 hap | punct |
| 4 | piness | piness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 consequence | nsubj |
| 5 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 enjoy | nsubj |
| 6 | enjoy | enjoy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 piness | acl:relcl |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 consequence | cop |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 less | advmod |
| 9 | less | less | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 11 consequence | advmod |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 consequence | det |
| 11 | consequence | consequence | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 acts | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 acts | det |
| 14 | acts | act | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 consequence | nmod |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 thoughts | cc |
| 16 | thoughts | thought | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 acts | conj |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 lives | case |
| 18 | previous | previous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 lives | amod |
| 19 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 thoughts | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 misfortune | punct |
| 21 | than | than | ADP | _ | 24 misfortune | case |
| 22 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 misfortune | cop |
| 23 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 24 misfortune | det |
| 24 | misfortune | misfortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 consequence | conj |
| 25 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 26 comes | nsubj |
| 26 | comes | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 misfortune | acl:relcl |
| 27 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 us | case |
| 28 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 comes | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 consequence | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | enjoy | present | we | whatever hap piness not said here | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer piness=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | whatever hap piness | a consequence and any misfortune | of the acts and thoughts of previous lives; less property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | is | present | whatever hap piness not said here | than any misfortune | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | come | present | any misfortune | us | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to we=Initial_Location | ||||
| 5 | think | previous lives | nom thought «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/24/58/