In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 149
A saying of like meaning is,_ Hiza to mo dankō:_ “Consult even with your own knee;” that is to say, Despise no advice, no matter how humble the source of it.
Who acts: saying, that · What happens: be, consult, despise, say · To what, where: Hiza, advice, meaning · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (saying, that), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 saying | det |
| 2 | saying | saying | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Hiza | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 meaning | case |
| 4 | like | like | ADP | _ | 5 meaning | case |
| 5 | meaning | meaning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 saying | nmod |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 Hiza | cop |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 is | punct |
| 8 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 9 Hiza | punct |
| 9 | Hiza | Hiza | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 say | obl |
| 10 | to | to | ADP | _ | 12 dankō | case |
| 11 | mo | mo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 dankō | compound |
| 12 | dankō | dankō | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 Hiza | nmod |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 16 Consult | punct |
| 14 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 16 Consult | punct |
| 15 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 Consult | punct |
| 16 | Consult | consult | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 9 Hiza | parataxis |
| 17 | even | even | ADV | _ | 21 knee | advmod |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 knee | case |
| 19 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 knee | nmod:poss |
| 20 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 knee | amod |
| 21 | knee | knee | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 Consult | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 16 Consult | punct |
| 23 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 16 Consult | punct |
| 24 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 27 say | nsubj:outer |
| 25 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 say | cop |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 say | mark |
| 27 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 Despise | punct |
| 29 | Despise | despise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 say | conj |
| 30 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 31 advice | det |
| 31 | advice | advice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 Despise | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 matter | punct |
| 33 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 34 matter | det |
| 34 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 advice | appos |
| 35 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 36 humble | advmod |
| 36 | humble | humble | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 source | amod |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 source | det |
| 38 | source | source | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 matter | nmod |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 it | case |
| 40 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 source | nmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 27 say | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a saying of meaning | Hiza | to mo dankō | tree rules | |||
| 2 | consult in a quote | infinitive | with your own knee | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with knee=Co-Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | present | that | say property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | despise | infinitive | that not said here | no advice | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer advice=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | say | meaning | nom saying «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/149/