In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 155
_ Only by reason of having died does one enter into life.
Who acts: one · What happens: have, die, enter · To what, where: life
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 4 reason | punct |
| 2 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 4 reason | advmod |
| 3 | by | by | ADP | _ | 4 reason | case |
| 4 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 6 having | mark |
| 6 | having | have | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 10 enter | advcl |
| 7 | died | die | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 having | xcomp |
| 8 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 enter | aux |
| 9 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 enter | nsubj |
| 10 | enter | enter | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 reason | parataxis |
| 11 | into | into | ADP | _ | 12 life | case |
| 12 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 enter | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 reason | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | gerund | one not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | die | participle | one not said here | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 3 | enter | present · do-support | one | life | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into life=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/155/