In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 159
_ Not to know is to be a Buddha; not to see is Paradise.
What happens: not know, be, not see · To what, where: Buddha, Paradise
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 4 know | punct |
| 2 | Not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 know | advmod |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 know | mark |
| 4 | know | know | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 Buddha | cop |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 9 Buddha | mark |
| 7 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 9 Buddha | cop |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 Buddha | det |
| 9 | Buddha | Buddha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 know | parataxis |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 see | punct |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 see | advmod |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 see | mark |
| 13 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 know | conj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 Paradise | cop |
| 15 | Paradise | paradise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 see | obj |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 know | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not know | to-infinitive | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 2 | is a | present | a Buddha | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | not see | to-infinitive | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||||
| 4 | is a | present | Paradise | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/159/