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In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 19

[41] This verse-proverb is cited in the Buddhist work _Wōjō Yōshū_, with the following comment:—“Who knows whether the animal in the field, or the bird in the mountain-wood, has not been either his father or his mother in some former state of existence?”—The _hototogisu_ is a kind of cuckoo.

Who acts: following comment, father, hototogisu _ · What happens: cite, follow, know, not be, be · To what, where: verse proverb, Buddhist work, field, kind · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (following comment, father, hototogisu _), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

punctoblpunctdetcompoundpunctnsubj:passaux:passcasedetamodoblpunctapposflatpunctpunctcasedetamodparataxispunctpunctpunctnsubjparataxismarkdetccompcasedetoblpunctccdetccompcasedetcompoundpunctnmodpunctauxadvmodccompcc:preconjnmod:possnsubjccnmod:possconjcasedetamodnmodcasenmodpunctpunctpunctdetpunctcompoundnsubjcopdetapposcasenmodpunctroot[PUNCT41NUM]PUNCTThisDETverseNOUN-PUNCTproverbNOUNisAUXcitedVERBinADPtheDETBuddhistADJworkNOUN_PUNCTWōjōPROPNYōshūPROPN_PUNCT,PUNCTwithADPtheDETfollowingVERBcommentNOUN:PUNCT—PUNCT“PUNCTWhoPRONknowsVERBwhetherSCONJtheDETanimalNOUNinADPtheDETfieldNOUN,PUNCTorCCONJtheDETbirdNOUNinADPtheDETmountainNOUN-PUNCTwoodNOUN,PUNCThasAUXnotPARTbeenVERBeitherCCONJhisPRONfatherNOUNorCCONJhisPRONmotherNOUNinADPsomeDETformerADJstateNOUNofADPexistenceNOUN?PUNCT”PUNCT—PUNCTTheDET_PUNCThototogisuNOUN_NOUNisAUXaDETkindNOUNofADPcuckooNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1[[PUNCT_2 41punct
24141NUMNumForm=Digit NumType=Card9 citedobl
3]]PUNCT_2 41punct
4ThisthisDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem7 proverbdet
5verseverseNOUNNumber=Sing7 proverbcompound
6--PUNCT_5 versepunct
7proverbproverbNOUNNumber=Sing9 citednsubj:pass
8isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin9 citedaux:pass
9citedciteVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Passrootroot
10ininADP_13 workcase
11thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art13 workdet
12BuddhistbuddhistADJDegree=Pos13 workamod
13workworkNOUNNumber=Sing9 citedobl
14__PUNCT_15 Wōjōpunct
15WōjōWōjōPROPNNumber=Sing13 workappos
16YōshūYōshūPROPNNumber=Sing15 Wōjōflat
17__PUNCT_9 citedpunct
18,,PUNCT_22 commentpunct
19withwithADP_22 commentcase
20thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art22 commentdet
21followingfollowVERBVerbForm=Ger22 commentamod
22commentcommentNOUNNumber=Sing9 citedparataxis
23::PUNCT_27 knowspunct
24—-PUNCT_27 knowspunct
25“"PUNCT_27 knowspunct
26WhowhoPRONPronType=Rel27 knowsnsubj
27knowsknowVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin22 commentparataxis
28whetherwhetherSCONJ_30 animalmark
29thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art30 animaldet
30animalanimalNOUNNumber=Sing27 knowsccomp
31ininADP_33 fieldcase
32thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art33 fielddet
33fieldfieldNOUNNumber=Sing27 knowsobl
34,,PUNCT_37 birdpunct
35ororCCONJ_37 birdcc
36thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art37 birddet
37birdbirdNOUNNumber=Sing27 knowsccomp
38ininADP_42 woodcase
39thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art42 wooddet
40mountainmountainNOUNNumber=Sing42 woodcompound
41--PUNCT_40 mountainpunct
42woodwoodNOUNNumber=Sing37 birdnmod
43,,PUNCT_46 beenpunct
44hashaveAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin46 beenaux
45notnotPARTPolarity=Neg46 beenadvmod
46beenbeVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part27 knowsccomp
47eithereitherCCONJ_49 fathercc:preconj
48hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs49 fathernmod:poss
49fatherfatherNOUNNumber=Sing46 beennsubj
50ororCCONJ_52 mothercc
51hishisPRONCase=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs52 mothernmod:poss
52mothermotherNOUNNumber=Sing49 fatherconj
53ininADP_56 statecase
54somesomeDETPronType=Ind56 statedet
55formerformerADJDegree=Pos56 stateamod
56statestateNOUNNumber=Sing52 mothernmod
57ofofADP_58 existencecase
58existenceexistenceNOUNNumber=Sing56 statenmod
59??PUNCT_56 statepunct
60”"PUNCT_49 fatherpunct
61—-PUNCT_68 kindpunct
62ThetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art65 _det
63__PUNCT_65 _punct
64hototogisuhototogisuNOUNNumber=Sing65 _compound
65__NOUNNumber=Sing68 kindnsubj
66isbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin68 kindcop
67aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art68 kinddet
68kindkindNOUNNumber=Sing49 fatherappos
69ofofADP_70 cuckoocase
70cuckoocuckooNOUNNumber=Sing68 kindnmod
71..PUNCT_9 citedpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1citepresent · passivethis verse proverbthe Buddhist work41 obl; the following comment parataxisvn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2followgerundvn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3know in a quotepresentthe following commentthe fieldthe animal ccomp; the bird in the mountain wood ccompvn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
4not be in a quotepresent · perfectanimal's father or father's mother in some former state of existencevn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5is apresentthe hototogisu _a kindof cuckootree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/19/