In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 217
The above phrase, as might be inferred, is not a popular expression: it is rather an artistic and poetical reference to the aspect of a landscape covered with snow to the horizon-line,—so that beyond the snow-circle there is only the great void of the sky.
Who acts: above phrase, phrase, great void · What happens: infer, not be, be, cover, void · To what, where: above phrase, popular expression, artistic reference, landscape, sky
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (above phrase, phrase, great void), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 phrase | det |
| 2 | above | above | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 phrase | amod |
| 3 | phrase | phrase | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 expression | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 inferred | punct |
| 5 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 8 inferred | mark |
| 6 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 inferred | aux |
| 7 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 inferred | aux:pass |
| 8 | inferred | infer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 phrase | acl:relcl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 phrase | punct |
| 10 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 expression | cop |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 expression | advmod |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 expression | det |
| 13 | popular | popular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 expression | amod |
| 14 | expression | expression | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 15 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 reference | punct |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 reference | nsubj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 reference | cop |
| 18 | rather | rather | ADV | _ | 23 reference | advmod |
| 19 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 reference | det |
| 20 | artistic | artistic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 reference | amod |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 poetical | cc |
| 22 | poetical | poetical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 artistic | conj |
| 23 | reference | reference | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 expression | appos |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 aspect | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 aspect | det |
| 26 | aspect | aspect | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 reference | nmod |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 landscape | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 landscape | det |
| 29 | landscape | landscape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 aspect | nmod |
| 30 | covered | cover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 landscape | acl |
| 31 | with | with | ADP | _ | 32 snow | case |
| 32 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 covered | obl |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 37 line | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 line | det |
| 35 | horizon | horizon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 line | compound |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 35 horizon | punct |
| 37 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 covered | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 reference | punct |
| 39 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 46 circle | punct |
| 40 | so | so | SCONJ | _ | 46 circle | case |
| 41 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 40 so | fixed |
| 42 | beyond | beyond | ADP | _ | 46 circle | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 circle | det |
| 44 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 circle | compound |
| 45 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 44 snow | punct |
| 46 | circle | circle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 is | obl |
| 47 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 48 is | expl |
| 48 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 expression | parataxis |
| 49 | only | only | ADV | _ | 52 void | advmod |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 void | det |
| 51 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 52 void | amod |
| 52 | void | void | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 is | nsubj |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 55 sky | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 sky | det |
| 55 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 void | nmod |
| 56 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 expression | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | infer | might · passive | the above phrase not said here | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S» | |||||
| 2 | not is a | present | the above phrase | a popular expression | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | phrase | a artistic reference | to the aspect of a landscape | tree rules | |||
| 4 | cover | participle | a landscape not said here | with snow; to the horizon line | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with snow=Theme | ||||
| 5 | be | present | the great void of the sky | there | so the snow circle | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 6 | void | the sky | nom void «state transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/217/