In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2, sentence 34
[44] _Kwahō_, a purely Buddhist term, signifying good fortune as the result of good actions in a previous life, has come to mean in common parlance good fortune of any kind.
Who acts: Buddhist term, Kwahō · What happens: signify, come, mean, result · To what, where: good fortune, 44, good actions
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddhist term, Kwahō), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 44 | punct |
| 2 | 44 | 44 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | root | root |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 44 | punct |
| 4 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 28 come | punct |
| 5 | Kwahō | Kwahō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 come | nsubj |
| 6 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 5 Kwahō | punct |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 term | punct |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 term | det |
| 9 | purely | purely | ADV | _ | 10 Buddhist | advmod |
| 10 | Buddhist | buddhist | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 term | amod |
| 11 | term | term | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 Kwahō | appos |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 signifying | punct |
| 13 | signifying | signify | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 term | acl |
| 14 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 fortune | amod |
| 15 | fortune | fortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 signifying | obj |
| 16 | as | as | ADP | _ | 18 result | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 result | det |
| 18 | result | result | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 signifying | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 actions | case |
| 20 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 actions | amod |
| 21 | actions | action | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 result | nmod |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 life | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 life | det |
| 24 | previous | previous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 life | amod |
| 25 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 actions | nmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 Kwahō | punct |
| 27 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 come | aux |
| 28 | come | come | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 44 | parataxis |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 mean | mark |
| 30 | mean | mean | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 come | xcomp |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 fortune | case |
| 32 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 fortune | amod |
| 33 | parlance | parlance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 fortune | compound |
| 34 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 fortune | amod |
| 35 | fortune | fortune | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 mean | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 kind | case |
| 37 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 38 kind | det |
| 38 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 fortune | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 44 | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | signify | gerund | a Buddhist term not said here | good fortune | as the result of good actions in a previous life | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot fortune=Theme | |||
| 2 | come | present · perfect | Kwahō | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | mean | to-infinitive | Kwahō not said here | in common parlance good fortune of any kind | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in fortune=Attribute | ||||
| 5 | result | good actions in a previous life | nom result «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/25/34/