In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, sentence 120
It began at 2 A.M., and lasted until 4 A.M.—for the old Japanese hour was double the length of the modern hour.
Who acts: pain, old Japanese hour · What happens: begin, last, be · To what, where: 2, double length
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pain, old Japanese hour), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 began | nsubj |
| 2 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | at | at | ADP | _ | 4 2 | case |
| 4 | 2 | 2 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 2 began | obl |
| 5 | A.M. | a.m. | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 2 | nmod:unmarked |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 lasted | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 lasted | cc |
| 8 | lasted | last | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 began | conj |
| 9 | until | until | ADP | _ | 11 A.M. | case |
| 10 | 4 | 4 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 11 A.M. | nummod |
| 11 | A.M. | a.m. | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lasted | obl |
| 12 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 length | punct |
| 13 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 19 double | mark |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 hour | det |
| 15 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 hour | amod |
| 16 | Japanese | Japanese | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 hour | amod |
| 17 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 double | nsubj |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 double | cop |
| 19 | double | double | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 length | amod |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 length | det |
| 21 | length | length | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 lasted | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 hour | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 hour | det |
| 24 | modern | modern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 hour | amod |
| 25 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 length | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | pain | 2 A.M. | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | last | past | pain not said here | the double length of the modern hour | until 4 A.M. | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | is | past | the old Japanese hour | double property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/26/120/