In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, sentence 123
She had an _ihai_ (mortuary tablet) made, bearing the _kaimyō_ of her dead mistress,—“_Myō-Kō-In-Den Chizan-Ryō-Fu Daishi_”;—and this she carried about with her in all her wanderings; and every day before it she humbly besought the dead for pardon, and performed a Buddhist service in order that the jealous spirit might find rest.
Who acts: Tiger, mortuary tablet, this, jealous spirit · What happens: have, make, bear, carry, beseech, perform · To what, where: ihai, kaimyō, wanderings, dead, Buddhist service, order
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tiger, mortuary tablet, this, jealous spirit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 ihai | det |
| 4 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 5 ihai | punct |
| 5 | ihai | ihai | X | Foreign=Yes | 2 had | obj |
| 6 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 11 made | punct |
| 7 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 9 tablet | punct |
| 8 | mortuary | mortuary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 tablet | amod |
| 9 | tablet | tablet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 made | nsubj |
| 10 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 9 tablet | punct |
| 11 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 ihai | parataxis |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 bearing | punct |
| 13 | bearing | bear | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 made | advcl |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 kaimyō | det |
| 15 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 16 kaimyō | punct |
| 16 | kaimyō | kaimyō | X | _ | 13 bearing | obj |
| 17 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 21 mistress | punct |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 mistress | case |
| 19 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 mistress | nmod:poss |
| 20 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 mistress | amod |
| 21 | mistress | mistress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 kaimyō | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 made | punct |
| 23 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 24 “ | punct |
| 24 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 ihai | punct |
| 25 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 26 Myō | punct |
| 26 | Myō | Myō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 “ | appos |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 28 Kō | punct |
| 28 | Kō | Kō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Myō | conj |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 Den | punct |
| 30 | In | in | ADP | _ | 32 Den | case |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 In | punct |
| 32 | Den | Den | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Myō | conj |
| 33 | Chizan | Chizan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 Den | flat |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 35 Ryō | punct |
| 35 | Ryō | Ryō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Myō | conj |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 37 Fu | punct |
| 37 | Fu | Fu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Myō | conj |
| 38 | Daishi | Daishi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 Fu | flat |
| 39 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 26 Myō | punct |
| 40 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 Myō | punct |
| 41 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
| 42 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 46 carried | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 carried | cc |
| 44 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 46 carried | nsubj |
| 45 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 carried | nsubj |
| 46 | carried | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 47 | about | about | ADV | _ | 46 carried | advmod |
| 48 | with | with | ADP | _ | 49 her | case |
| 49 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 carried | obl |
| 50 | in | in | ADP | _ | 53 wanderings | case |
| 51 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 53 wanderings | det:predet |
| 52 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 53 wanderings | nmod:poss |
| 53 | wanderings | wandering | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 carried | obl |
| 54 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 62 besought | punct |
| 55 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 62 besought | cc |
| 56 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 57 day | det |
| 57 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 besought | obl:unmarked |
| 58 | before | before | ADP | _ | 59 it | case |
| 59 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 57 day | nmod |
| 60 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 62 besought | nsubj |
| 61 | humbly | humbly | ADV | _ | 62 besought | advmod |
| 62 | besought | beseech | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 dead | det |
| 64 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 62 besought | obj |
| 65 | for | for | ADP | _ | 66 pardon | case |
| 66 | pardon | pardon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 62 besought | obl |
| 67 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 69 performed | punct |
| 68 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 69 performed | cc |
| 69 | performed | perform | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 had | conj |
| 70 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 72 service | det |
| 71 | Buddhist | Buddhist | PROPN | Number=Sing | 72 service | compound |
| 72 | service | service | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 performed | obj |
| 73 | in | in | ADP | _ | 74 order | case |
| 74 | order | order | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 performed | obl |
| 75 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 80 find | mark |
| 76 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 78 spirit | det |
| 77 | jealous | jealous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 78 spirit | amod |
| 78 | spirit | spirit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 80 find | nsubj |
| 79 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 80 find | aux |
| 80 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 69 performed | advcl |
| 81 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 80 find | obj |
| 82 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Tiger | a ihai | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ihai=Patient | ||||
| 2 | make | past | mortuary tablet | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | |||||
| 3 | bear | gerund | mortuary tablet not said here | the kaimyō and Tiger's dead mistress | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kaimyō=Patient | ||||
| 4 | carry | past | this | Tiger's wanderings | with Tiger; about property | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in wandering=Location | |||
| 5 | beseech | past | Tiger | the dead | day | for pardon; humbly property | tree rules | ||
| 6 | perform | past | Tiger not said here | a Buddhist service | order | vn performance-26.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent service=Theme | |||
| 7 | find | might | the jealous spirit | rest | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rest=Topic | ||||
| 8 | wander | Tiger | nom wandering «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/26/123/