In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, sentence 16
Each individual, moreover, independently of any personal relation, feels perpetually, you say, the influence of some inborn feminine or masculine ideal, which you call ‘a ghostly reflex of countless attachments in countless past lives.’
Who acts: individual, you · What happens: feel, say, call · To what, where: influence, inborn feminine · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (individual, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 individual | det |
| 2 | individual | individual | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 feels | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 individual | punct |
| 4 | moreover | moreover | ADV | _ | 6 independently | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 independently | punct |
| 6 | independently | independently | ADV | _ | 10 relation | advmod |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 relation | case |
| 8 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 relation | det |
| 9 | personal | personal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 relation | amod |
| 10 | relation | relation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 individual | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 individual | punct |
| 12 | feels | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | perpetually | perpetually | ADV | _ | 12 feels | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 say | punct |
| 15 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 16 say | nsubj |
| 16 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 feels | advcl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 influence | punct |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 influence | det |
| 19 | influence | influence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 say | obj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 feminine | case |
| 21 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 23 feminine | det |
| 22 | inborn | inborn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 feminine | amod |
| 23 | feminine | feminine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 influence | nmod |
| 24 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 ideal | cc |
| 25 | masculine | masculine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 ideal | amod |
| 26 | ideal | ideal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 feminine | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 call | punct |
| 28 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 call | obj |
| 29 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 30 call | nsubj |
| 30 | call | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 feminine | parataxis |
| 31 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 34 reflex | punct |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 reflex | det |
| 33 | ghostly | ghostly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 reflex | amod |
| 34 | reflex | reflex | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 call | xcomp |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 attachments | case |
| 36 | countless | countless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 attachments | amod |
| 37 | attachments | attachment | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 reflex | nmod |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 41 lives | case |
| 39 | countless | countless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 lives | amod |
| 40 | past | past | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 lives | amod |
| 41 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 attachments | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 feels | punct |
| 43 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 12 feels | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feel | present | each individual of any personal relation | perpetually property | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | present | you | the influence of some inborn feminine or masculine ideal | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent influence=Topic | ||||
| 3 | call | present | you | some inborn feminine or masculine ideal | a ghostly reflex of countless attachments in countless past lives xcomp | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent which=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/26/16/