In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, sentence 31

“A man or a woman is scarcely more than half-a-being,—because in our present imperfect state either sex can be evolved only at the cost of the other.

Who acts: man, half · What happens: be, evolve · To what, where: present imperfect state

This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, half), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	“	"	PUNCT	_	9 more	punct
2	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 man	det
3	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 more	nsubj
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	6 woman	cc
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 woman	det
6	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 man	conj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 more	cop
8	scarcely	scarcely	ADV	_	9 more	advmod
9	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
10	than	than	ADP	_	11 half	case
11	half	half	NOUN	Number=Sing NumForm=Word NumType=Frac	9 more	obl
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 a	punct
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 state	det
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 a	punct
15	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	23 state	cop
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 state	punct
17	—	-	PUNCT	_	23 state	punct
18	because	because	SCONJ	_	23 state	mark
19	in	in	ADP	_	23 state	case
20	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 state	nmod:poss
21	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 state	amod
22	imperfect	imperfect	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 state	amod
23	state	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 evolved	nsubj:pass
24	either	either	CCONJ	_	25 sex	cc:preconj
25	sex	sex	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 state	nmod
26	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	28 evolved	aux
27	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	28 evolved	aux:pass
28	evolved	evolve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 half	acl:relcl
29	only	only	ADV	_	32 cost	advmod
30	at	at	ADP	_	32 cost	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 cost	det
32	cost	cost	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 evolved	obj
33	of	of	ADP	_	35 other	case
34	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	35 other	det
35	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 cost	nmod
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 more	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is in a quote	present	a man or a woman			than half; more, scarcely property	tree rules
2	is in a quote	gerund			our present imperfect state	sex nmod; our nmod:poss	tree rules
3	evolve in a quote	can · passive	half not said here	our present imperfect state		the cost of the other obj	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/26/31/

🌲 In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, sentence 31

The tree

Pragmatics

In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, sentence 31