In Ghostly Japan, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3, sentence 56
I shall order to be performed—no matter what the cost—every religious rite that can serve you in regard to your next rebirth; and all of us will pray without ceasing for you, that you may not have to wander in the Black Space, but may quickly enter Paradise, and attain to Buddha-hood.”
Who acts: I, matter, religious rite, all, you · What happens: order, perform, cost, serve, pray, cease · To what, where: matter, you, regard, Black Space, Paradise
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Morning Awakening After a Night’s Rest in a Temple, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, matter, religious rite, all), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 order | nsubj |
| 2 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 order | aux |
| 3 | order | order | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 performed | mark |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 6 performed | aux:pass |
| 6 | performed | perform | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 order | xcomp |
| 7 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 matter | punct |
| 8 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 9 matter | det |
| 9 | matter | matter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 order | obl |
| 10 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 12 cost | nsubj |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 cost | det |
| 12 | cost | cost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 matter | appos |
| 13 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 16 rite | punct |
| 14 | every | every | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 rite | det |
| 15 | religious | religious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 rite | amod |
| 16 | rite | rite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 cost | appos |
| 17 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 19 serve | nsubj |
| 18 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 serve | aux |
| 19 | serve | serve | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 rite | acl:relcl |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 19 serve | obj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 regard | case |
| 22 | regard | regard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 serve | obl |
| 23 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 rebirth | case |
| 24 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 rebirth | nmod:poss |
| 25 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 rebirth | amod |
| 26 | rebirth | rebirth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 regard | nmod |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 pray | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 pray | cc |
| 29 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 pray | nsubj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 us | case |
| 31 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 all | nmod |
| 32 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 pray | aux |
| 33 | pray | pray | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 order | conj |
| 34 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 35 ceasing | mark |
| 35 | ceasing | cease | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 33 pray | advcl |
| 36 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 you | case |
| 37 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 35 ceasing | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 have | punct |
| 39 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 43 have | mark |
| 40 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 43 have | nsubj |
| 41 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 have | aux |
| 42 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 43 have | advmod |
| 43 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 ceasing | conj |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 wander | mark |
| 45 | wander | wander | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 have | xcomp |
| 46 | in | in | ADP | _ | 49 Space | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 Space | det |
| 48 | Black | Black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 Space | amod |
| 49 | Space | Space | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 wander | obl |
| 50 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 enter | punct |
| 51 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 54 enter | cc |
| 52 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 54 enter | aux |
| 53 | quickly | quickly | ADV | _ | 54 enter | advmod |
| 54 | enter | enter | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 order | parataxis |
| 55 | Paradise | paradise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 54 enter | obj |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 attain | punct |
| 57 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 attain | cc |
| 58 | attain | attain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 order | parataxis |
| 59 | to | to | ADP | _ | 62 hood | case |
| 60 | Buddha | Buddha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 62 hood | compound |
| 61 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 60 Buddha | punct |
| 62 | hood | hood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 attain | obl |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 order | punct |
| 64 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 order | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | order | shall | I | no matter | vn order-58.3-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | perform not said to happen | to-infinitive · passive | no matter not said here | vn performance-26.7 «NP V» | |||||
| 3 | cost | no matter | every religious rite appos | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | serve | can | every religious rite | you | regard to your next rebirth | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent you=Value in regard=Location | |||
| 5 | pray | future | all of us | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 6 | cease | gerund | all of us not said here | for you | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality | ||||
| 7 | not have | may | you | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | wander | to-infinitive | you not said here | the Black Space | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in space=Trajectory | ||||
| 9 | enter | may | Paradise | quickly property | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme paradise=Destination | ||||
| 10 | attain | infinitive | to Buddha hood | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/26/56/