In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 101
The bottom was a piece of thick plank, perfectly square, and measuring about ten inches across.
Who acts: bottom · What happens: be, measure · To what, where: piece
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bottom), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 bottom | det |
| 2 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 piece | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 piece | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 piece | det |
| 5 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 plank | case |
| 7 | thick | thick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 plank | amod |
| 8 | plank | plank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 piece | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 square | punct |
| 10 | perfectly | perfectly | ADV | _ | 11 square | advmod |
| 11 | square | square | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 piece | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 inches | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 inches | cc |
| 14 | measuring | measure | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 inches | amod |
| 15 | about | about | ADV | _ | 16 ten | advmod |
| 16 | ten | ten | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 inches | nummod |
| 17 | inches | inch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 piece | conj |
| 18 | across | across | ADV | _ | 17 inches | advmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 piece | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the bottom | a piece and square and measuring ten inches | of thick plank; square conj; measuring ten inches conj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | measure | gerund | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/101/