In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 141
—“So,” I said to myself, “in the Far East, it is poor Hero that does the swimming.
Who acts: I, story, poor Hero · What happens: say, be, do · To what, where: myself, poor Hero, Far East, swimming · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, story, poor Hero), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 So | punct |
| 2 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 So | punct |
| 3 | So | so | ADV | _ | 7 said | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 So | punct |
| 5 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 So | punct |
| 6 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 said | nsubj |
| 7 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 myself | case |
| 9 | myself | myself | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 7 said | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 Hero | punct |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 20 Hero | punct |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 East | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 East | det |
| 14 | Far | Far | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 East | amod |
| 15 | East | East | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 Hero | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 East | punct |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 Hero | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 Hero | cop |
| 19 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 Hero | amod |
| 20 | Hero | hero | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 said | obl |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 does | nsubj |
| 22 | does | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 Hero | acl:relcl |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 swimming | det |
| 24 | swimming | swimming | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 does | obj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | I | myself | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to myself=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | is a in a quote | present | story | poor Hero | the Far East | tree rules | |||
| 3 | do in a quote | present | poor Hero | the swimming | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent swimming=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/141/