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In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 169

Deeper than these distinct shocks of noise, and all the storming of the nearer waves, was the bass of the further surf,—a ceaseless abysmal muttering to which the building trembled,—a sound that seemed to imagination like the sound of the trampling of infinite cavalry, the massing of incalculable artillery,—some rushing, from the Sunrise, of armies wide as the world.

Who acts: storming, building, sound, ceaseless abysmal muttering, some, infinite cavalry · What happens: be, tremble, seem, mass, rush, shock · To what, where: bass, Deeper distinct shocks, noise

This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (storming, building, sound, ceaseless abysmal muttering), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

amodcasedetamodcasenmodpunctccdet:predetdetnsubjcasedetamodnmodpunctcopdetparataxiscasedetamodnmodpunctpunctdetamodamodconjcaseobldetnsubjacl:relclpunctpunctdetconjnsubjacl:relclcaseoblcasedetnmodcasedetnmodcaseamodnmodpunctdetaclcaseamodoblpunctpunctnsubjaclpunctcasedetoblpunctcaseobl:unmarkedamodcasedetoblpunctrootDeeperADJthanADPtheseDETdistinctADJshocksNOUNofADPnoiseNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJallDETtheDETstormingNOUNofADPtheDETnearerADJwavesNOUN,PUNCTwasAUXtheDETbassNOUNofADPtheDETfurtherADJsurfNOUN,PUNCT—PUNCTaDETceaselessADJabysmalADJmutteringNOUNtoADPwhichPRONtheDETbuildingNOUNtrembledVERB,PUNCT—PUNCTaDETsoundNOUNthatPRONseemedVERBtoADPimaginationNOUNlikeADPtheDETsoundNOUNofADPtheDETtramplingNOUNofADPinfiniteADJcavalryNOUN,PUNCTtheDETmassingVERBofADPincalculableADJartilleryNOUN,PUNCT—PUNCTsomeDETrushingVERB,PUNCTfromADPtheDETSunriseNOUN,PUNCTofADParmiesNOUNwideADJasADPtheDETworldNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1DeeperdeepADJDegree=Cmp5 shocksamod
2thanthanADP_5 shockscase
3thesethisDETNumber=Plur PronType=Dem5 shocksdet
4distinctdistinctADJDegree=Pos5 shocksamod
5shocksshockNOUNNumber=Plurrootroot
6ofofADP_7 noisecase
7noisenoiseNOUNNumber=Sing5 shocksnmod
8,,PUNCT_20 basspunct
9andandCCONJ_20 basscc
10allallDETPronType=Tot12 stormingdet:predet
11thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art12 stormingdet
12stormingstormingNOUNNumber=Sing20 bassnsubj
13ofofADP_16 wavescase
14thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art16 wavesdet
15nearernearADJDegree=Cmp16 wavesamod
16waveswaveNOUNNumber=Plur12 stormingnmod
17,,PUNCT_12 stormingpunct
18wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin20 basscop
19thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art20 bassdet
20bassbassNOUNNumber=Sing5 shocksparataxis
21ofofADP_24 surfcase
22thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art24 surfdet
23furtherfurtherADJDegree=Pos24 surfamod
24surfsurfNOUNNumber=Sing20 bassnmod
25,,PUNCT_20 basspunct
26—-PUNCT_30 mutteringpunct
27aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art30 mutteringdet
28ceaselessceaselessADJDegree=Pos30 mutteringamod
29abysmalabysmalADJDegree=Pos30 mutteringamod
30mutteringmutteringNOUNNumber=Sing5 shocksconj
31totoADP_32 whichcase
32whichwhichPRONPronType=Rel35 trembledobl
33thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art34 buildingdet
34buildingbuildingNOUNNumber=Sing35 tremblednsubj
35trembledtrembleVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin30 mutteringacl:relcl
36,,PUNCT_39 soundpunct
37—-PUNCT_39 soundpunct
38aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art39 sounddet
39soundsoundNOUNNumber=Sing30 mutteringconj
40thatthatPRONPronType=Rel41 seemednsubj
41seemedseemVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin39 soundacl:relcl
42totoADP_43 imaginationcase
43imaginationimaginationNOUNNumber=Sing41 seemedobl
44likelikeADP_46 soundcase
45thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art46 sounddet
46soundsoundNOUNNumber=Sing43 imaginationnmod
47ofofADP_49 tramplingcase
48thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art49 tramplingdet
49tramplingtramplingNOUNNumber=Sing46 soundnmod
50ofofADP_52 cavalrycase
51infiniteinfiniteADJDegree=Pos52 cavalryamod
52cavalrycavalryNOUNNumber=Sing49 tramplingnmod
53,,PUNCT_55 massingpunct
54thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art55 massingdet
55massingmassVERBVerbForm=Ger30 mutteringacl
56ofofADP_58 artillerycase
57incalculableincalculableADJDegree=Pos58 artilleryamod
58artilleryartilleryNOUNNumber=Sing55 massingobl
59,,PUNCT_5 shockspunct
60—-PUNCT_62 rushingpunct
61somesomeDETPronType=Ind62 rushingnsubj
62rushingrushVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part5 shocksacl
63,,PUNCT_66 Sunrisepunct
64fromfromADP_66 Sunrisecase
65thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art66 Sunrisedet
66SunrisesunriseNOUNNumber=Sing62 rushingobl
67,,PUNCT_69 armiespunct
68ofofADP_69 armiescase
69armiesarmyNOUNNumber=Plur70 wideobl:unmarked
70widewideADJDegree=Pos66 Sunriseamod
71asasADP_73 worldcase
72thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art73 worlddet
73worldworldNOUNNumber=Sing70 wideobl
74..PUNCT_5 shockspunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apastall storming of the nearer wavesthe bassof the further surftree rules
2tremblepastthe buildingto a ceaseless abysmal muttering and a soundvn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3seempasta soundto imagination like the sound of the trampling of infinite cavalryvn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme
4massgerunda ceaseless abysmal muttering and a sound not said hereof incalculable artilleryvn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5rushgerundsomethis Deeper distinct shocks of noise and a ceaseless abysmal muttering and a sound not said heresunrisevn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme shock=Trajectory
7shocknoisenom shock «feeling transitive»: of=patient
8trampleinfinite cavalrynom trampling «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/169/