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In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 173

For as I listened to that wild tide of the Suruga coast, I could distinguish nearly every sound of fear known to man: not merely noises of battle tremendous,—of interminable volleying,—of immeasurable charging,—but the roaring of beasts, the crackling and hissing of fire, the rumbling of earthquake, the thunder of ruin, and, above all these, a clamor continual as of shrieks and smothered shoutings,—the Voices that are said to be the voices of the drowned., Awfulness supreme of tumult,—combining all imaginable echoings of fury and destruction and despair!

Who acts: I, noises, Suruga coast, battle, beasts, earthquake · What happens: listen, distinguish, know, volley, smother, say · To what, where: sound, fear, shoutings, these, Voices, imaginable echoings · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, noises, Suruga coast, battle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

markmarknsubjadvclcasedetamodoblcasedetcompoundnmodpunctnsubjauxadvmoddetobjcasenmodaclcaseoblpunctadvmodadvmodoblcasenmodamodpunctpunctmarkamodaclpunctpunctcaseamodappospunctpunctccdetparataxiscasenmodpunctdetconjccconjcasenmodpunctdetconjcasenmodpunctdetconjcasenmodpunctccpunctcasedet:predetoblpunctdetapposamodcasefixedoblccparataxisobjpunctpunctdetconjnsubj:passaux:passacl:relclmarkcopdetobjcasedetamodpunctpunctcompoundnmodcasenmodpunctpunctadvcldetamodobjcasenmodccconjccconjpunctrootForSCONJasSCONJIPRONlistenedVERBtoADPthatDETwildADJtideNOUNofADPtheDETSurugaPROPNcoastNOUN,PUNCTIPRONcouldAUXdistinguishVERBnearlyADVeveryDETsoundNOUNofADPfearNOUNknownVERBtoADPmanNOUN:PUNCTnotPARTmerelyADVnoisesNOUNofADPbattleNOUNtremendousADJ,PUNCT—PUNCTofSCONJinterminableADJvolleyingVERB,PUNCT—PUNCTofADPimmeasurableADJchargingNOUN,PUNCT—PUNCTbutCCONJtheDETroaringNOUNofADPbeastsNOUN,PUNCTtheDETcracklingNOUNandCCONJhissingNOUNofADPfireNOUN,PUNCTtheDETrumblingNOUNofADPearthquakeNOUN,PUNCTtheDETthunderNOUNofADPruinNOUN,PUNCTandCCONJ,PUNCTaboveADPallDETthesePRON,PUNCTaDETclamorNOUNcontinualADJasADPofADPshrieksNOUNandCCONJsmotheredVERBshoutingsNOUN,PUNCT—PUNCTtheDETVoicesNOUNthatPRONareAUXsaidVERBtoPARTbeAUXtheDETvoicesNOUNofADPtheDETdrownedVERB.PUNCT,PUNCTAwfulnessNOUNsupremeNOUNofADPtumultNOUN,PUNCT—PUNCTcombiningVERBallDETimaginableADJechoingsNOUNofADPfuryNOUNandCCONJdestructionNOUNandCCONJdespairNOUN!PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1ForforSCONJ_4 listenedmark
2asasSCONJ_4 listenedmark
3IIPRONCase=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs4 listenednsubj
4listenedlistenVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin16 distinguishadvcl
5totoADP_8 tidecase
6thatthatDETNumber=Sing PronType=Dem8 tidedet
7wildwildADJDegree=Pos8 tideamod
8tidetideNOUNNumber=Sing4 listenedobl
9ofofADP_12 coastcase
10thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art12 coastdet
11SurugaSurugaPROPNNumber=Sing12 coastcompound
12coastcoastNOUNNumber=Sing8 tidenmod
13,,PUNCT_4 listenedpunct
14IIPRONCase=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs16 distinguishnsubj
15couldcouldAUXVerbForm=Fin16 distinguishaux
16distinguishdistinguishVERBVerbForm=Infrootroot
17nearlynearlyADV_19 soundadvmod
18everyeveryDETPronType=Tot19 sounddet
19soundsoundNOUNNumber=Sing16 distinguishobj
20ofofADP_21 fearcase
21fearfearNOUNNumber=Sing19 soundnmod
22knownknowVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass21 fearacl
23totoADP_24 mancase
24manmanNOUNNumber=Sing22 knownobl
25::PUNCT_28 noisespunct
26notnotPARTPolarity=Neg28 noisesadvmod
27merelymerelyADV_28 noisesadvmod
28noisesnoiseNOUNNumber=Plur16 distinguishobl
29ofofADP_30 battlecase
30battlebattleNOUNNumber=Sing28 noisesnmod
31tremendoustremendousADJDegree=Pos30 battleamod
32,,PUNCT_36 volleyingpunct
33—-PUNCT_36 volleyingpunct
34ofofSCONJ_36 volleyingmark
35interminableinterminableADJDegree=Pos36 volleyingamod
36volleyingvolleyVERBVerbForm=Ger28 noisesacl
37,,PUNCT_41 chargingpunct
38—-PUNCT_41 chargingpunct
39ofofADP_41 chargingcase
40immeasurableimmeasurableADJDegree=Pos41 chargingamod
41chargingchargingNOUNNumber=Sing28 noisesappos
42,,PUNCT_41 chargingpunct
43—-PUNCT_46 roaringpunct
44butbutCCONJ_46 roaringcc
45thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art46 roaringdet
46roaringroaringNOUNNumber=Sing16 distinguishparataxis
47ofofADP_48 beastscase
48beastsbeastNOUNNumber=Plur46 roaringnmod
49,,PUNCT_51 cracklingpunct
50thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art51 cracklingdet
51cracklingcracklingNOUNNumber=Sing46 roaringconj
52andandCCONJ_53 hissingcc
53hissinghissingNOUNNumber=Sing51 cracklingconj
54ofofADP_55 firecase
55firefireNOUNNumber=Sing53 hissingnmod
56,,PUNCT_58 rumblingpunct
57thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art58 rumblingdet
58rumblingrumblingNOUNNumber=Sing46 roaringconj
59ofofADP_60 earthquakecase
60earthquakeearthquakeNOUNNumber=Sing58 rumblingnmod
61,,PUNCT_63 thunderpunct
62thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art63 thunderdet
63thunderthunderNOUNNumber=Sing46 roaringconj
64ofofADP_65 ruincase
65ruinruinNOUNNumber=Sing63 thundernmod
66,,PUNCT_80 smotheredpunct
67andandCCONJ_80 smotheredcc
68,,PUNCT_71 thesepunct
69aboveaboveADP_71 thesecase
70allallDETPronType=Tot71 thesedet:predet
71thesethisPRONNumber=Plur PronType=Dem80 smotheredobl
72,,PUNCT_74 clamorpunct
73aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art74 clamordet
74clamorclamorNOUNNumber=Sing71 theseappos
75continualcontinualADJDegree=Pos74 clamoramod
76asasADPExtPos=ADP78 shriekscase
77ofofADP_76 asfixed
78shrieksshriekNOUNNumber=Plur75 continualobl
79andandCCONJ_80 smotheredcc
80smotheredsmotherVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin16 distinguishparataxis
81shoutingsshoutingNOUNNumber=Plur80 smotheredobj
82,,PUNCT_85 Voicespunct
83—-PUNCT_85 Voicespunct
84thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art85 Voicesdet
85VoicesvoiceNOUNNumber=Plur81 shoutingsconj
86thatthatPRONPronType=Rel88 saidnsubj:pass
87arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin88 saidaux:pass
88saidsayVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass85 Voicesacl:relcl
89totoPART_92 voicesmark
90bebeAUXVerbForm=Inf92 voicescop
91thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art92 voicesdet
92voicesvoiceNOUNNumber=Plur88 saidobj
93ofofADP_99 supremecase
94thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art99 supremedet
95drowneddrownVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass99 supremeamod
96..PUNCT_95 drownedpunct
97,,PUNCT_95 drownedpunct
98AwfulnessawfulnessNOUNNumber=Sing99 supremecompound
99supremesupremeNOUNNumber=Sing92 voicesnmod
100ofofADP_101 tumultcase
101tumulttumultNOUNNumber=Sing99 supremenmod
102,,PUNCT_104 combiningpunct
103—-PUNCT_104 combiningpunct
104combiningcombineVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part80 smotheredadvcl
105allallDETPronType=Tot107 echoingsdet
106imaginableimaginableADJDegree=Pos107 echoingsamod
107echoingsechoingNOUNNumber=Plur104 combiningobj
108ofofADP_109 furycase
109furyfuryNOUNNumber=Sing107 echoingsnmod
110andandCCONJ_111 destructioncc
111destructiondestructionNOUNNumber=Sing109 furyconj
112andandCCONJ_113 despaircc
113despairdespairNOUNNumber=Sing109 furyconj
114!!PUNCT_16 distinguishpunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1listenpastIto that wild tide of the Suruga coastvn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to tide=Theme
2distinguishcouldIevery sound of fearnoises of battle obl; the roaring of beasts and the crackling and hissing of fire and the rumbling of earthquake and the thunder of ruin parataxisvn distinguish-23.5-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Attribute sound=Theme
3knowparticiplefear not said hereto manvn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
4volleygerundnoises of battle not said heretree rules
5smotherpastshoutings and the Voicesthesevn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme shouting=Destination
6say speech: assertpresent · passivethe Voicesvn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
7is ato-infinitivethe voicesof the drowned Awfulness supreme of tumulttree rules
8drownparticiplevn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
9combinegerundall imaginable echoings of fury and destruction and despairvn mix-22.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent echoing=Patient
10tidethe Suruga coastnom tide «event intransitive»: of=agent
11noisebattlenom noise «event intransitive»: of=agent
12roarbeastsnom roaring «event intransitive»: of=agent
13hissfirenom hissing «event transitive»: of=patient
14rumbleearthquakenom rumbling «event intransitive»: of=agent
15thunderruinnom thunder «event intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/173/