In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 177
The visible abyss calls to that abyss invisible of elder being whose flood-flow made the ghosts of us.
Who acts: visible abyss calls · What happens: be, make, ghost · To what, where: invisible flood flow, ghosts, us
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (visible abyss calls), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 calls | det |
| 2 | visible | visible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 calls | amod |
| 3 | abyss | abyss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 calls | compound |
| 4 | calls | call | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 made | nsubj |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 invisible | case |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 8 invisible | nsubj |
| 7 | abyss | abyss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 invisible | nsubj |
| 8 | invisible | invisible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 flow | amod |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 elder | case |
| 10 | elder | elder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 invisible | obl |
| 11 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 flow | cop |
| 12 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 15 flow | nmod:poss |
| 13 | flood | flood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 flow | compound |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 flood | punct |
| 15 | flow | flow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 made | nsubj |
| 16 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 ghosts | det |
| 18 | ghosts | ghost | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 made | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 us | case |
| 20 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 ghosts | nmod |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | gerund | invisible flood flow | whose nmod:poss | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | make | past | the visible abyss calls | the ghosts of us | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset ghost=Product | ||||
| 3 | ghost | us | nom ghost «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/177/