In Ghostly Japan, Story of a Tengu[1], sentence 98
I swam fast, and overtook the last of the lantern-fleet much sooner than I had hoped.
Who acts: I · What happens: swim, overtake, hope · To what, where: last
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Story of a Tengu[1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 swam | nsubj |
| 2 | swam | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 2 swam | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 overtook | punct |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 overtook | cc |
| 6 | overtook | overtake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 swam | conj |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 last | det |
| 8 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 overtook | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 fleet | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 fleet | det |
| 11 | lantern | lantern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 fleet | compound |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 lantern | punct |
| 13 | fleet | fleet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 last | obl |
| 14 | much | much | ADV | _ | 15 sooner | advmod |
| 15 | sooner | soon | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 6 overtook | advmod |
| 16 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 19 hoped | mark |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 hoped | nsubj |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 hoped | aux |
| 19 | hoped | hope | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 15 sooner | advcl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 swam | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | swim | past | I | fast property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | overtake | past | I not said here | the last of the lantern fleet | soon property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | hope | past · perfect | I | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/27/98/