In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 46
One particular sort of incense, imported from China, was said to have the power of calling up human spirits.
Who acts: power · What happens: import, say, have, call up, sort · To what, where: One particular sort, China, power, human spirits, incense · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (power), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 3 sort | nummod |
| 2 | particular | particular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 sort | amod |
| 3 | sort | sort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 said | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 incense | case |
| 5 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sort | nmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 imported | punct |
| 7 | imported | import | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 sort | acl |
| 8 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 China | case |
| 9 | China | China | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 imported | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 sort | punct |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 said | aux:pass |
| 12 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 have | mark |
| 14 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 said | xcomp |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 power | det |
| 16 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 have | obj |
| 17 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 18 calling | mark |
| 18 | calling | call | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 power | acl |
| 19 | up | up | ADP | _ | 18 calling | compound:prt |
| 20 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 spirits | amod |
| 21 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 calling | obj |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | import | participle | One particular sort of incense not said here | China | vn send-11.1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent from china=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past · passive | One particular sort of incense | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | have | to-infinitive | the power | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Patient | |||||
| 4 | call up speech: assert | gerund | the power not said here | human spirits | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent spirit=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | sort | incense | nom sort «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/46/