In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 1, sentence 48
“I have heard of the magical incense that summons the souls of the absent: Would I had some to burn, in the nights when I wait alone!”
Who acts: power, magical incense · What happens: hear, summon, have, burn, wait · To what, where: souls, some
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (power, magical incense), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 heard | aux |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 incense | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 incense | det |
| 7 | magical | magical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 incense | amod |
| 8 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 heard | obl |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 summons | nsubj |
| 10 | summons | summon | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 incense | acl:relcl |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 souls | det |
| 12 | souls | soul | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 summons | obj |
| 13 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 15 absent | mark |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 absent | det |
| 15 | absent | absent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 souls | acl |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 19 had | punct |
| 17 | Would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 19 had | aux |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 had | nsubj |
| 19 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 heard | conj |
| 20 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 had | obj |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 burn | mark |
| 22 | burn | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 some | advcl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 nights | punct |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 nights | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 nights | det |
| 26 | nights | night | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 had | obl |
| 27 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 29 wait | advmod |
| 28 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 wait | nsubj |
| 29 | wait | wait | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 had | advcl |
| 30 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 29 wait | advmod |
| 31 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
| 32 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear in a quote | present · perfect | the power = power | of the magical incense | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer of incense=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | summon in a quote | present | the magical incense | the souls | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soul=Recipient | ||||
| 3 | have in a quote | would | the power = power | some | night | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Patient | |||
| 4 | burn in a quote | to-infinitive | the power = power not said here | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | wait in a quote | present | the power = power | alone property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/3/48/