In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 2, sentence 71
Is not the assertion of our “need of divine love” an involuntary confession that we wish to be treated like silkworms,—to live without pain by the help of gods?
Who acts: we, our · What happens: not be, wish, treat, live, need, help · To what, where: assertion, involuntary confession, divine love, gods · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 assertion | cop |
| 2 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 4 assertion | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 assertion | det |
| 4 | assertion | assertion | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 need | case |
| 6 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 need | nmod:poss |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 need | punct |
| 8 | need | need | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 assertion | nmod |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 love | case |
| 10 | divine | divine | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 love | amod |
| 11 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 need | nmod |
| 12 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 love | punct |
| 13 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 confession | det |
| 14 | involuntary | involuntary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 confession | amod |
| 15 | confession | confession | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 love | conj |
| 16 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 wish | obj |
| 17 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 wish | nsubj |
| 18 | wish | wish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 confession | acl:relcl |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 treated | mark |
| 20 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 21 treated | aux:pass |
| 21 | treated | treat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 wish | ccomp |
| 22 | like | like | ADP | _ | 23 silkworms | case |
| 23 | silkworms | silkworm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 treated | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 live | punct |
| 25 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 27 live | punct |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 live | mark |
| 27 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 21 treated | parataxis |
| 28 | without | without | ADP | _ | 29 pain | case |
| 29 | pain | pain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 live | obl |
| 30 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 help | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 help | det |
| 32 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 live | obl |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 gods | case |
| 34 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 help | nmod |
| 35 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 assertion | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is a | present | the assertion | of our need of divine love and a involuntary confession | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | wish | present | we | a involuntary confession | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | treat not said to happen | to-infinitive · passive | like silkworms | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient» | |||||
| 4 | live | to-infinitive | without pain; by the help of gods | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by help=Location | |||||
| 5 | need in a quote | our | divine love and a involuntary confession | nom need «state transitive»: poss=agent of=patient | |||||
| 6 | help | gods | nom help «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/4/71/