In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 3, sentence 23
But etiquette forbade him to make the visit alone: he was obliged to wait for some other chance to accompany the doctor, who had promised to take him to the villa a second time.
Who acts: etiquette, doctor · What happens: forbid, make, oblige, wait, accompany, promise · To what, where: Shinzaburō, visit, doctor
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (etiquette, doctor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 3 forbade | cc |
| 2 | etiquette | etiquette | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 forbade | nsubj |
| 3 | forbade | forbid | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 forbade | obj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 make | mark |
| 6 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 forbade | advcl |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 visit | det |
| 8 | visit | visit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 make | obj |
| 9 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 6 make | advmod |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 obliged | punct |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 obliged | nsubj |
| 12 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 obliged | aux:pass |
| 13 | obliged | oblige | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 forbade | conj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 wait | mark |
| 15 | wait | wait | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 obliged | xcomp |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 chance | case |
| 17 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 chance | det |
| 18 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 chance | amod |
| 19 | chance | chance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 wait | obl |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 accompany | mark |
| 21 | accompany | accompany | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 wait | advcl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 doctor | det |
| 23 | doctor | doctor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 accompany | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 promised | punct |
| 25 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 promised | nsubj |
| 26 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 promised | aux |
| 27 | promised | promise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 doctor | acl:relcl |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 take | mark |
| 29 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 promised | xcomp |
| 30 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 take | obj |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 villa | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 villa | det |
| 33 | villa | villa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 take | obl |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 time | det |
| 35 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 36 time | amod |
| 36 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 take | obl:unmarked |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 forbade | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | forbid | past | etiquette | Shinzaburō | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer he=Theme | ||||
| 2 | make | to-infinitive | etiquette not said here | the visit | alone property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset visit=Product | |||
| 3 | oblige | past · passive | Shinzaburō | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result | |||||
| 4 | wait | to-infinitive | for some other chance | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | accompany | to-infinitive | the doctor | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent doctor=Theme | |||||
| 6 | promise speech: promise | past · perfect | the doctor | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | take not said to happen | to-infinitive | the doctor not said here | Shinzaburō | time | to the villa | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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