In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 3, sentence 40
Shijō gravely responded,—“I am very sorry to tell you that the young lady is dead!”
Who acts: Shijō, young lady · What happens: respond, be, tell · To what, where: you · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shijō, young lady), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shijō | Shijō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 responded | nsubj |
| 2 | gravely | gravely | ADV | _ | 3 responded | advmod |
| 3 | responded | respond | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 responded | punct |
| 5 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 sorry | punct |
| 6 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 sorry | punct |
| 7 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 10 sorry | nsubj |
| 8 | am | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 sorry | cop |
| 9 | very | very | ADV | _ | 10 sorry | advmod |
| 10 | sorry | sorry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 responded | parataxis |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 tell | mark |
| 12 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 sorry | xcomp |
| 13 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 tell | iobj |
| 14 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 19 dead | mark |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 lady | det |
| 16 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 lady | amod |
| 17 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 dead | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 dead | cop |
| 19 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 tell | advcl |
| 20 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 10 sorry | punct |
| 21 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 responded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | respond speech: other | past | Shijō | gravely property | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | is in a quote | present | Shijō | sorry property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert in a quote | to-infinitive | Shijō not said here | you | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent you=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | the young lady | dead property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/5/40/