In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 3, sentence 82
The flowers ornamenting it were not painted: they were artificial flowers of crêpe-silk, and were attached to the top of the lantern.
Who acts: flowers · What happens: ornament, not paint, be, attach · To what, where: shape, flowers, artificial flowers
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flowers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 flowers | det |
| 2 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 painted | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | ornamenting | ornament | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 flowers | acl |
| 4 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 ornamenting | obj |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 painted | aux:pass |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 painted | advmod |
| 7 | painted | paint | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 flowers | punct |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 flowers | nsubj |
| 10 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 flowers | cop |
| 11 | artificial | artificial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 flowers | amod |
| 12 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 painted | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 silk | case |
| 14 | crêpe | crêpe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 silk | compound |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 crêpe | punct |
| 16 | silk | silk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 flowers | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 attached | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 attached | cc |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 attached | aux:pass |
| 20 | attached | attach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 painted | conj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 top | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 top | det |
| 23 | top | top | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 attached | obl |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 lantern | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 lantern | det |
| 26 | lantern | lantern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 top | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 painted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ornament | gerund | the flowers not said here | shape | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Destination | ||||
| 2 | not paint | past · passive | the flowers | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination | |||||
| 3 | is a | past | flowers = flower | artificial flowers | of crêpe silk | tree rules | |||
| 4 | attach | past · passive | to the top of the lantern | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: to top=Co-Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/5/82/