In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 4, sentence 100
_O-fuda_ are pasted above house-entrances, on the walls of rooms, upon tablets placed in household shrines, etc., etc. Some kinds are worn about the person;—others are made into pellets, and swallowed as spiritual medicine.
Who acts: etc. · What happens: paste, place, wear, make, swallow · To what, where: fuda _, house entrances, tablets, household shrines, kinds, others
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (etc.), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 5 _ | punct |
| 2 | O | o | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fuda | compound |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 2 O | punct |
| 4 | fuda | fuda | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 _ | compound |
| 5 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pasted | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 pasted | aux:pass |
| 7 | pasted | paste | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | above | above | ADP | _ | 11 entrances | case |
| 9 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 entrances | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 house | punct |
| 11 | entrances | entrance | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pasted | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 walls | punct |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 walls | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 walls | det |
| 15 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pasted | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 rooms | case |
| 17 | rooms | room | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 walls | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 tablets | punct |
| 19 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 20 tablets | case |
| 20 | tablets | tablet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pasted | obl |
| 21 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 tablets | acl |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 shrines | case |
| 23 | household | household | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 shrines | compound |
| 24 | shrines | shrine | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 placed | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 etc. | punct |
| 26 | etc. | etc. | NOUN | Abbr=Yes Number=Plur | 24 shrines | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 etc. | punct |
| 28 | etc. | etc. | NOUN | Abbr=Yes Number=Plur | 7 pasted | parataxis |
| 29 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 30 kinds | det |
| 30 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 worn | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 worn | aux:pass |
| 32 | worn | wear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 etc. | acl:relcl |
| 33 | about | about | ADP | _ | 35 person | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 person | det |
| 35 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 worn | obl |
| 36 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 7 pasted | punct |
| 37 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 made | punct |
| 38 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 made | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 made | aux:pass |
| 40 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 pasted | parataxis |
| 41 | into | into | ADP | _ | 42 pellets | case |
| 42 | pellets | pellet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 made | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 swallowed | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 swallowed | cc |
| 45 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 made | conj |
| 46 | as | as | ADP | _ | 48 medicine | case |
| 47 | spiritual | spiritual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 medicine | amod |
| 48 | medicine | medicine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 swallowed | obl:agent |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 pasted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | paste | present · passive | fuda _ | house entrances | on the walls of rooms; upon tablets; etc. parataxis | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient on wall=Co-Patient | |||
| 2 | place | participle | tablets not said here | household shrines and etc. | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in shrine=Destination | ||||
| 3 | wear | present · passive | etc. not said here | some kinds | about the person | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: subject=Source | |||
| 4 | make | present · passive | others | pellets | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into pellet=Product | ||||
| 5 | swallow | participle | spiritual medicine obl:agent | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/6/100/