In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 4, sentence 131
For the promise that he made last night has been broken; and the doors have been made fast to keep us out….
Who acts: heart · What happens: make, break, keep out · To what, where: promise, doors, us
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | For | for | ADP | _ | 3 promise | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 promise | det |
| 3 | promise | promise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 broken | obl |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 6 made | mark |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 made | nsubj |
| 6 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 promise | acl:relcl |
| 7 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 night | amod |
| 8 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 made | obl:unmarked |
| 9 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 broken | aux |
| 10 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 11 broken | aux:pass |
| 11 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 12 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 broken | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 made | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 doors | det |
| 15 | doors | door | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 made | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 made | aux |
| 17 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 18 made | aux:pass |
| 18 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 broken | conj |
| 19 | fast | fast | ADV | Degree=Pos | 18 made | advmod |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 keep | mark |
| 21 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 made | advcl |
| 22 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 keep | obj |
| 23 | out | out | ADP | _ | 21 keep | compound:prt |
| 24 | …. | .. | PUNCT | _ | 11 broken | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | heart | the promise not said here | night | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent promise=Product | |||
| 2 | break | present · perfect · passive | for the promise | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V» | |||||
| 3 | make | present · perfect · passive | the doors | fast property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 4 | keep out | to-infinitive | us | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/6/131/