In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 4, sentence 86
In this instance, the _mamori_ is a very small image, probably enclosed in a miniature shrine of lacquer-work or metal, over which a silk cover is drawn.
Who acts: mamori _ · What happens: be, enclose, draw · To what, where: small image, instance, miniature shrine, silk cover
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (mamori _), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 instance | case |
| 2 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 instance | det |
| 3 | instance | instance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 image | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 instance | punct |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 _ | det |
| 6 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 8 _ | punct |
| 7 | mamori | mamori | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 _ | compound |
| 8 | _ | _ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 image | nsubj |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 image | cop |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 image | det |
| 11 | very | very | ADV | _ | 12 small | advmod |
| 12 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 image | amod |
| 13 | image | image | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 enclosed | punct |
| 15 | probably | probably | ADV | _ | 16 enclosed | advmod |
| 16 | enclosed | enclose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 image | acl |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 shrine | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 shrine | det |
| 19 | miniature | miniature | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 shrine | amod |
| 20 | shrine | shrine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 enclosed | obl |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 work | case |
| 22 | lacquer | lacquer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 work | compound |
| 23 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 22 lacquer | punct |
| 24 | work | work | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 shrine | nmod |
| 25 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 metal | cc |
| 26 | metal | metal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 work | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 drawn | punct |
| 28 | over | over | ADP | _ | 29 which | case |
| 29 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 drawn | obl |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 32 cover | det |
| 31 | silk | silk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 cover | compound |
| 32 | cover | cover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 drawn | nsubj:pass |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 drawn | aux:pass |
| 34 | drawn | draw | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 enclosed | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 image | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the mamori _ | a small image | this instance | tree rules | |||
| 2 | enclose | participle | a small image not said here | a miniature shrine of lacquer work or metal | probably property | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | draw | present · passive | a silk cover | which obl | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/6/86/