In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 101
And it is but right that you should erect a tomb for him at your own cost, because you have been indebted to him for many favors.”
Who acts: it, you, your · What happens: be, erect, indebt, cost · To what, where: tomb, own cost, you, Hagiwara
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, you, your), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 right | cc |
| 2 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 right | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 right | cop |
| 4 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 right | cc |
| 5 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 erect | mark |
| 7 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 9 erect | nsubj |
| 8 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 9 erect | aux |
| 9 | erect | erect | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 right | csubj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 tomb | det |
| 11 | tomb | tomb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 erect | obj |
| 12 | for | for | ADP | _ | 13 him | case |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 erect | obl |
| 14 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 cost | case |
| 15 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 cost | nmod:poss |
| 16 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 cost | amod |
| 17 | cost | cost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 erect | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 indebted | punct |
| 19 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 23 indebted | mark |
| 20 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 23 indebted | nsubj |
| 21 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 indebted | aux |
| 22 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 indebted | aux:pass |
| 23 | indebted | indebt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 erect | conj |
| 24 | to | to | ADP | _ | 25 him | case |
| 25 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 indebted | obl |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 favors | case |
| 27 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 favors | amod |
| 28 | favors | favor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 indebted | obl |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 right | punct |
| 30 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 right | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | it | right property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | erect | should | you | a tomb | your own cost | for Hagiwara | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent tomb=Product for he=Beneficiary | ||
| 3 | indebt | present · perfect · passive | you | Hagiwara | for many favors | tree rules | |||
| 4 | cost | your | nom cost «possession transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/101/