In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 110
But Shinzaburō was a Buddhist,—with a million lives behind him and a million lives before him; and he was too selfish to give up even one miserable existence for the sake of the girl that came back to him from the dead.
Who acts: Shinzaburō, girl · What happens: be, live, give up, come back · To what, where: Buddhist, one miserable existence, Shinzaburō, dead
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shinzaburō, girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 5 Buddhist | cc |
| 2 | Shinzaburō | Shinzaburō | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Buddhist | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 Buddhist | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 Buddhist | det |
| 5 | Buddhist | Buddhist | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 lives | punct |
| 7 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 11 lives | punct |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 million | case |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 million | det |
| 10 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 11 lives | obl |
| 11 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 Buddhist | parataxis |
| 12 | behind | behind | ADP | _ | 13 him | case |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 lives | obl |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 lives | cc |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 million | det |
| 16 | million | million | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 17 lives | nummod |
| 17 | lives | life | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 him | conj |
| 18 | before | before | ADP | _ | 19 him | case |
| 19 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 lives | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 selfish | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 selfish | cc |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 selfish | nsubj |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 selfish | cop |
| 24 | too | too | ADV | _ | 25 selfish | advmod |
| 25 | selfish | selfish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 lives | conj |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 give | mark |
| 27 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 selfish | advcl |
| 28 | up | up | ADP | _ | 27 give | compound:prt |
| 29 | even | even | ADV | _ | 32 existence | advmod |
| 30 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 32 existence | nummod |
| 31 | miserable | miserable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 existence | amod |
| 32 | existence | existence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 give | obl |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 35 sake | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 sake | det |
| 35 | sake | sake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 give | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 girl | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 girl | det |
| 38 | girl | girl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 sake | nmod |
| 39 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 40 came | nsubj |
| 40 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 girl | acl:relcl |
| 41 | back | back | ADV | _ | 40 came | advmod |
| 42 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 him | case |
| 43 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 came | obl |
| 44 | from | from | ADP | _ | 46 dead | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 dead | det |
| 46 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 came | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 Buddhist | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Shinzaburō | a Buddhist | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | live | present | before Shinzaburō | with a million; behind Shinzaburō | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme with million=Location | ||||
| 3 | is | past | Shinzaburō | selfish property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | give up | to-infinitive | Shinzaburō not said here | one miserable existence | for the sake of the girl | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 5 | come back | past | the girl | Shinzaburō | the dead | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme to he=Initial_Location from dead=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/110/