In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 83
What happened to Hagiwara Sama was unavoidable;—his destiny had been determined from a time long before his last birth.
What happens: happen, be, determine · To what, where: Hagiwara Sama, destiny
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 2 happened | nsubj |
| 2 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 Sama | case |
| 4 | Hagiwara | Hagiwara | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 Sama | compound |
| 5 | Sama | Sama | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 unavoidable | obl |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 unavoidable | cop |
| 7 | unavoidable | unavoidable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 happened | obl |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 determined | punct |
| 9 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 determined | punct |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 destiny | nmod:poss |
| 11 | destiny | destiny | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 determined | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 determined | aux |
| 13 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 determined | aux:pass |
| 14 | determined | determine | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 happened | conj |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 time | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 time | det |
| 17 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 determined | obl |
| 18 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 determined | advmod |
| 19 | before | before | ADP | _ | 22 birth | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 birth | nmod:poss |
| 21 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 birth | amod |
| 22 | birth | birth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 determined | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 happened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | happen | past | What nsubj | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is | past | Hagiwara Sama | unavoidable property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | determine | past · perfect · passive | Sama's destiny | before Sama's last birth; time | long property | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/83/