In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 5, sentence 86
“I have heard that a priest of pure life may gain power to see into the future for a hundred years; but truly this is the first time in my existence that I have had proof of such power….
Who acts: Yusai, priest, this, my · What happens: hear, gain, see, be, have, exist · To what, where: power, future, first time, existence, such power · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Yusai, priest, this, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 4 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 heard | aux |
| 4 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 12 gain | mark |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 priest | det |
| 7 | priest | priest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 gain | nsubj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 life | case |
| 9 | pure | pure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 life | amod |
| 10 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 priest | nmod |
| 11 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 gain | aux |
| 12 | gain | gain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 heard | ccomp |
| 13 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 gain | obj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 see | mark |
| 15 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 gain | advcl |
| 16 | into | into | ADP | _ | 18 future | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 future | det |
| 18 | future | future | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 see | obl |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 22 years | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 hundred | det |
| 21 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 years | nummod |
| 22 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 see | obl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 time | punct |
| 24 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 30 time | cc |
| 25 | truly | truly | ADV | _ | 30 time | advmod |
| 26 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 30 time | nsubj |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 time | cop |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 time | det |
| 29 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 30 time | amod |
| 30 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 heard | obl:unmarked |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 existence | case |
| 32 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 existence | nmod:poss |
| 33 | existence | existence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 time | nmod |
| 34 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 had | obj |
| 35 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 37 had | nsubj |
| 36 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 had | aux |
| 37 | had | have | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 33 existence | acl:relcl |
| 38 | proof | proof | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 had | obj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 power | case |
| 40 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 power | amod |
| 41 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 proof | nmod |
| 42 | …. | .. | PUNCT | _ | 4 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear in a quote | present · perfect | Yusai | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | gain in a quote | may | a priest of pure life | power | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent power=Theme | ||||
| 3 | see in a quote | to-infinitive | a priest of pure life not said here | the future | year | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||
| 4 | is a in a quote | present | this | the first time | my existence | truly property | tree rules | ||
| 5 | have in a quote | present · perfect | Yusai | my existence | proof of such power obj | tree rules | |||
| 6 | exist in a quote | my | nom existence «state intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 7 | proof in a quote | such power | nom proof «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/7/86/