In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 6, sentence 113
And these, rich in the wisdom of four and twenty centuries, wondered at the beauty of his message, and caused all that he had said and done to be written down anew in languages unborn at the time when he lived and taught.
Who acts: truth · What happens: wonder, cause, say, do, write down, live · To what, where: four centuries, beauty, all · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (truth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 4 rich | cc |
| 2 | these | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 rich | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 rich | punct |
| 4 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 wisdom | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 wisdom | det |
| 7 | wisdom | wisdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 rich | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 centuries | case |
| 9 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 centuries | nummod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 twenty | cc |
| 11 | twenty | twenty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 9 four | conj |
| 12 | centuries | century | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 wisdom | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 wondered | punct |
| 14 | wondered | wonder | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 centuries | acl |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 beauty | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 beauty | det |
| 17 | beauty | beauty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 wondered | obl |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 message | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 message | nmod:poss |
| 20 | message | message | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 beauty | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 caused | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 caused | cc |
| 23 | caused | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 rich | parataxis |
| 24 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 23 caused | obl |
| 25 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 28 said | mark |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 said | nsubj |
| 27 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 said | aux |
| 28 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 caused | advcl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 done | cc |
| 30 | done | do | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 28 said | conj |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 33 written | mark |
| 32 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 33 written | aux:pass |
| 33 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 done | xcomp |
| 34 | down | down | ADP | _ | 33 written | compound:prt |
| 35 | anew | anew | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 written | xcomp |
| 36 | in | in | ADP | _ | 37 languages | case |
| 37 | languages | language | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 anew | obl |
| 38 | unborn | unborn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 anew | conj |
| 39 | at | at | ADP | _ | 41 time | case |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 time | det |
| 41 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 unborn | obl |
| 42 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 44 lived | advmod |
| 43 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 lived | nsubj |
| 44 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 written | advcl |
| 45 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 taught | cc |
| 46 | taught | teach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 lived | conj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 rich | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wonder speech: ask | participle | four centuries not said here | the beauty of truth's message | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | cause | past | all | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition | |||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | past · perfect | truth | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | do | participle | truth not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | write down | to-infinitive · passive | truth not said here | anew property | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V» | ||||
| 6 | live | past | truth | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 7 | teach speech: other | past | truth not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/8/113/