In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 6, sentence 26
The Buddha once trod upon this stone; and the prints of the soles of his feet remain upon its surface.
Who acts: Buddha, prints · What happens: tread, remain, print · To what, where: stone, surface, soles
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buddha, prints), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 Buddha | det |
| 2 | Buddha | Buddha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 trod | nsubj |
| 3 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 4 trod | advmod |
| 4 | trod | tread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 7 stone | case |
| 6 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 stone | det |
| 7 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 trod | obl |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 remain | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 remain | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 prints | det |
| 11 | prints | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 remain | nsubj | |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 soles | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 soles | det |
| 14 | soles | sole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 prints | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 feet | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 feet | nmod:poss |
| 17 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 soles | nmod |
| 18 | remain | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 trod | conj |
| 19 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 21 surface | case |
| 20 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 surface | nmod:poss |
| 21 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 remain | obl |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 trod | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | tread | past | the Buddha | this stone | once property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon stone=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | remain | present | the prints of the soles of Buddha's feet | book's surface | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon surface=Location | ||||
| 3 | the soles of Buddha's feet | nom print «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/8/26/