In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 6, sentence 92
The HO-KO-HON-NYO-KYO says:—“In that time, from beneath his feet, the Buddha radiated a light having the appearance of a wheel of a thousand spokes.
Who acts: HO, Buddha, light · What happens: say, radiate, have · To what, where: light, appearance · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (HO, Buddha, light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 HO | det |
| 2 | HO | HO | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 says | nsubj |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 KO | punct |
| 4 | KO | KO | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 HO | conj |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 HON | punct |
| 6 | HON | HON | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 HO | conj |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 NYO | punct |
| 8 | NYO | NYO | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 says | nsubj |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 KYO | punct |
| 10 | KYO | KYO | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 NYO | conj |
| 11 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 12 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 says | punct |
| 13 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 time | punct |
| 14 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 time | punct |
| 15 | In | in | ADP | _ | 17 time | case |
| 16 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 17 time | det |
| 17 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 says | obl:unmarked |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 feet | punct |
| 19 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 feet | case |
| 20 | beneath | beneath | ADP | _ | 22 feet | case |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 feet | nmod:poss |
| 22 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 time | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 radiated | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Buddha | det |
| 25 | Buddha | Buddha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 radiated | nsubj |
| 26 | radiated | radiate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 time | acl:relcl |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 light | det |
| 28 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 radiated | obj |
| 29 | having | have | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 light | acl |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 appearance | det |
| 31 | appearance | appearance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 having | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 wheel | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 wheel | det |
| 34 | wheel | wheel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 appearance | nmod |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 spokes | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 thousand | det |
| 37 | thousand | thousand | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 38 spokes | nummod |
| 38 | spokes | spoke | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 wheel | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 11 says | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | the HO and KO and HON | time | NYO and KYO nsubj | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | radiate in a quote | past | the Buddha | a light | vn substance_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location light=Source | ||||
| 3 | have in a quote | gerund | a light not said here | the appearance of a wheel of thousand spokes | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent appearance=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/8/92/