In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 1
I have only one fault to find with her: she howls at night.
Who acts: I, she · What happens: have, find, howl · To what, where: one fault
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, she), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 have | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | only | only | ADV | _ | 4 one | advmod |
| 4 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 fault | nummod |
| 5 | fault | fault | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 have | obj |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 find | mark |
| 7 | find | find | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 fault | acl |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 9 her | case |
| 9 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 find | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 howls | punct |
| 11 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 howls | nsubj |
| 12 | howls | howl | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 have | conj |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 night | case |
| 14 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 howls | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 have | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | I | one fault | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fault=Patient | ||||
| 2 | find | to-infinitive | I not said here | one fault not said here | with her = she | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent | |||
| 3 | howl | present | she | night | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/9/1/