In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 47
Beautiful to the poet’s vision our world may seem,—with its loves, its hopes, its memories, its aspirations; but there is nothing beautiful in the fact that life is fed by continual murder,—that the tenderest affection, the noblest enthusiasm, the purest idealism, must be nourished by the eating of flesh and the drinking of blood.
Who acts: world, nothing, continual murder, eating, flesh · What happens: seem, love, be, feed, nourish, hope · To what, where: tenderest affection, hopes, life, blood
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (world, nothing, continual murder, eating), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 seem | amod |
| 2 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 vision | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 poet | det |
| 4 | poet | poet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 vision | nmod:poss |
| 5 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 4 poet | case |
| 6 | vision | vision | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 seem | obl |
| 7 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 world | nmod:poss |
| 8 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 seem | nsubj |
| 9 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 seem | aux |
| 10 | seem | seem | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 seem | punct |
| 12 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 loves | punct |
| 13 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 15 loves | mark |
| 14 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 loves | nmod:poss |
| 15 | loves | love | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 seem | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 hopes | punct |
| 17 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 hopes | nmod:poss |
| 18 | hopes | hope | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 loves | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 memories | punct |
| 20 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 memories | nmod:poss |
| 21 | memories | memory | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 hopes | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 aspirations | punct |
| 23 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 aspirations | nmod:poss |
| 24 | aspirations | aspiration | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 hopes | conj |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 is | punct |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 28 is | cc |
| 27 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 28 is | expl |
| 28 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 seem | conj |
| 29 | nothing | nothing | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Neg | 28 is | nsubj |
| 30 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 nothing | amod |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 fact | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 fact | det |
| 33 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 beautiful | obl |
| 34 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 37 fed | mark |
| 35 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 fed | nsubj:pass |
| 36 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 fed | aux:pass |
| 37 | fed | feed | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 fact | acl |
| 38 | by | by | ADP | _ | 40 murder | case |
| 39 | continual | continual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 murder | amod |
| 40 | murder | murder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 fed | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 is | punct |
| 42 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 46 affection | punct |
| 43 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 46 affection | mark |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 affection | det |
| 45 | tenderest | tender | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 46 affection | amod |
| 46 | affection | affection | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 seem | obl |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 enthusiasm | punct |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 50 enthusiasm | det |
| 49 | noblest | noble | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 50 enthusiasm | amod |
| 50 | enthusiasm | enthusiasm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 affection | conj |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 54 idealism | punct |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 idealism | det |
| 53 | purest | pure | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 54 idealism | amod |
| 54 | idealism | idealism | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 affection | conj |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 nourished | punct |
| 56 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 58 nourished | aux |
| 57 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 58 nourished | aux:pass |
| 58 | nourished | nourish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 46 affection | conj |
| 59 | by | by | ADP | _ | 61 eating | case |
| 60 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 eating | det |
| 61 | eating | eating | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 nourished | obl |
| 62 | of | of | ADP | _ | 63 flesh | case |
| 63 | flesh | flesh | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 eating | nmod |
| 64 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 66 drinking | cc |
| 65 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 66 drinking | det |
| 66 | drinking | drinking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 61 eating | conj |
| 67 | of | of | ADP | _ | 68 blood | case |
| 68 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 66 drinking | nmod |
| 69 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 seem | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | seem | may | our world | the tenderest affection and the noblest enthusiasm and the purest idealism | to the poet's vision | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | love | present | our world not said here | world's hopes and world's memories and world's aspirations | world nmod:poss | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hope=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | be | present | nothing | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | feed | present · passive | continual murder | life | vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | nourish | must · passive | the eating of flesh and the drinking of blood | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | hope | world | nom hope «feeling intransitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 7 | eat | flesh | nom eating «act intransitive»: of=agent | ||||||
| 8 | drink | blood | nom drinking «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/9/47/