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In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 72

There are gleams in our darkness,—faint auroral wakenings of Love and Pity and Sympathy and Magnanimity: these are selfless and true;—these are eternal and divine;—these are the Four Infinite Feelings in whose after-glow all forms and illusions will vanish, like mists in the light of the sun. But, except in so far as we wake to these feelings, we are dreamers indeed,—moaning unaided in darkness,—tortured by shadowy horror.

Who acts: gleams, these, forms, we, Love · What happens: be, glow, vanish, wake, moan, torture · To what, where: darkness, Four Infinite Feelings, mists, light, dreamers, sun.

This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (gleams, these, forms, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

explnsubjcasenmod:possoblpunctpunctamodamodnsubjcasenmodccconjccconjccconjpunctnsubjcopparataxisccconjpunctpunctnsubjcopconjccconjpunctpunctnsubjcopdetnummodamodparataxismarknmod:possmarkpunctacldetnsubjccconjauxccomppunctcaseobjcasedetnmodcasedetnmodccpunctmarkcaseadvmodadvclmarknsubjadvclcasedetoblpunctnsubjcopconjadvmodpunctpunctconjxcompcaseoblpunctpunctaclcaseamodoblpunctrootTherePRONareVERBgleamsNOUNinADPourPRONdarknessNOUN,PUNCT—PUNCTfaintADJauroralADJwakeningsNOUNofADPLoveNOUNandCCONJPityNOUNandCCONJSympathyPROPNandCCONJMagnanimityNOUN:PUNCTthesePRONareAUXselflessADJandCCONJtrueADJ;PUNCT—PUNCTthesePRONareAUXeternalADJandCCONJdivineADJ;PUNCT—PUNCTthesePRONareAUXtheDETFourNUMInfiniteADJFeelingsNOUNinSCONJwhosePRONafterSCONJ-PUNCTglowVERBallDETformsNOUNandCCONJillusionsNOUNwillAUXvanishVERB,PUNCTlikeADPmistsNOUNinADPtheDETlightNOUNofADPtheDETsun.NOUNButCCONJ,PUNCTexceptADPinADPsoADVfarADVasSCONJwePRONwakeVERBtoADPtheseDETfeelingsNOUN,PUNCTwePRONareAUXdreamersNOUNindeedADV,PUNCT—PUNCTmoaningVERBunaidedADJinADPdarknessNOUN,PUNCT—PUNCTtorturedVERBbyADPshadowyADJhorrorNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1TheretherePRONPronType=Dem2 areexpl
2arebeVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Finrootroot
3gleamsgleamNOUNNumber=Plur2 arensubj
4ininADP_6 darknesscase
5ourourPRONCase=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs6 darknessnmod:poss
6darknessdarknessNOUNNumber=Sing2 areobl
7,,PUNCT_11 wakeningspunct
8—-PUNCT_11 wakeningspunct
9faintfaintADJDegree=Pos11 wakeningsamod
10auroralauroralADJDegree=Pos11 wakeningsamod
11wakeningswakeningNOUNNumber=Plur2 arensubj
12ofofADP_13 Lovecase
13LoveloveNOUNNumber=Sing11 wakeningsnmod
14andandCCONJ_15 Pitycc
15PitypityNOUNNumber=Sing11 wakeningsconj
16andandCCONJ_17 Sympathycc
17SympathySympathyPROPNNumber=Sing15 Pityconj
18andandCCONJ_19 Magnanimitycc
19MagnanimitymagnanimityNOUNNumber=Sing15 Pityconj
20::PUNCT_23 selflesspunct
21thesethisPRONNumber=Plur PronType=Dem23 selflessnsubj
22arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin23 selflesscop
23selflessselflessADJDegree=Pos11 wakeningsparataxis
24andandCCONJ_25 truecc
25truetrueADJDegree=Pos23 selflessconj
26;;PUNCT_30 eternalpunct
27—-PUNCT_30 eternalpunct
28thesethisPRONNumber=Plur PronType=Dem30 eternalnsubj
29arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin30 eternalcop
30eternaleternalADJDegree=Pos23 selflessconj
31andandCCONJ_32 divinecc
32divinedivineADJDegree=Pos30 eternalconj
33;;PUNCT_2 arepunct
34—-PUNCT_40 Feelingspunct
35thesethisPRONNumber=Plur PronType=Dem40 Feelingsnsubj
36arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin40 Feelingscop
37thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art40 Feelingsdet
38FourfourNUMNumForm=Word NumType=Card40 Feelingsnummod
39InfiniteinfiniteADJDegree=Pos40 Feelingsamod
40FeelingsfeelingNOUNNumber=Plur2 areparataxis
41ininSCONJ_45 glowmark
42whosewhosePRONPoss=Yes PronType=Rel45 glownmod:poss
43afterafterSCONJ_45 glowmark
44--PUNCT_43 afterpunct
45glowglowVERBVerbForm=Inf40 Feelingsacl
46allallDETPronType=Tot47 formsdet
47formsformNOUNNumber=Plur51 vanishnsubj
48andandCCONJ_49 illusionscc
49illusionsillusionNOUNNumber=Plur47 formsconj
50willwillAUXVerbForm=Fin51 vanishaux
51vanishvanishVERBVerbForm=Inf45 glowccomp
52,,PUNCT_54 mistspunct
53likelikeADP_54 mistscase
54mistsmistNOUNNumber=Plur51 vanishobj
55ininADP_57 lightcase
56thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art57 lightdet
57lightlightNOUNNumber=Sing54 mistsnmod
58ofofADP_60 sun.case
59thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art60 sun.det
60sun.sun.NOUNNumber=Sing57 lightnmod
61ButbutCCONJ_76 dreamerscc
62,,PUNCT_61 Butpunct
63exceptexceptADP_66 farmark
64ininADP_66 farcase
65sosoADV_66 faradvmod
66farfarADVDegree=Pos76 dreamersadvcl
67asasSCONJ_69 wakemark
68wewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs69 wakensubj
69wakewakeVERBMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin66 faradvcl
70totoADP_72 feelingscase
71thesethisDETNumber=Plur PronType=Dem72 feelingsdet
72feelingsfeelingNOUNNumber=Plur69 wakeobl
73,,PUNCT_66 farpunct
74wewePRONCase=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs76 dreamersnsubj
75arebeAUXMood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin76 dreamerscop
76dreamersdreamerNOUNNumber=Plur45 glowconj
77indeedindeedADV_45 glowadvmod
78,,PUNCT_80 moaningpunct
79—-PUNCT_80 moaningpunct
80moaningmoanVERBTense=Pres VerbForm=Part40 Feelingsconj
81unaidedunaidedADJDegree=Pos80 moaningxcomp
82ininADP_83 darknesscase
83darknessdarknessNOUNNumber=Sing81 unaidedobl
84,,PUNCT_86 torturedpunct
85—-PUNCT_86 torturedpunct
86torturedtortureVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass40 Feelingsacl
87bybyADP_89 horrorcase
88shadowyshadowyADJDegree=Pos89 horroramod
89horrorhorrorNOUNNumber=Sing86 torturedobl
90..PUNCT_2 arepunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1doespresentgleamsour darkness; therefaint auroral wakenings of Love and Pity and Sympathy and Magnanimity nsubjvn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in darkness=Location
2ispresenttheseselfless propertytree rules
3bethese not said heretree rules
4ispresenttheseeternal propertytree rules
5bethese not said heretree rules
6is apresentthesethe Four Infinite Feelingstree rules
7glowinfinitivethe Four Infinite Feelings nmod:poss; indeed propertytree rules
8vanishfutureall forms and illusionsmiststhe light of the sun.tree rules
9wakepresentweto this feelingsvn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
10is apresentwedreamerstree rules
11moangerundthese not said hereunaided propertyvn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
12tortureparticiplethe Four Infinite Feelings not said hereby shadowy horrorvn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
13wakenLovenom wakening «act intransitive»: of=agent
14lightthe sun.nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/9/72/