In Ghostly Japan, Names of Incense Used., part 7, sentence 83
Certainly she knows a great deal more about the earth on which we tread than would be good for us to know; and probably, if capable of speech, she could tell us the strangest stories of air and water.
Who acts: faith, we, us · What happens: know, tread, be, tell · To what, where: great deal, earth, strangest stories, us · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Names of Incense Used., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (faith, we, us), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Certainly | certainly | ADV | _ | 3 knows | advmod |
| 2 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 knows | nsubj |
| 3 | knows | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 deal | det |
| 5 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 deal | amod |
| 6 | deal | deal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 knows | obj |
| 7 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 knows | obj |
| 8 | about | about | ADP | _ | 10 earth | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 earth | det |
| 10 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 more | obl |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 12 which | case |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 tread | obl |
| 13 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 tread | nsubj |
| 14 | tread | tread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 earth | acl:relcl |
| 15 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 18 good | mark |
| 16 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 18 good | aux |
| 17 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 18 good | cop |
| 18 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 tread | advcl |
| 19 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 22 know | mark |
| 20 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 22 know | nsubj |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 know | mark |
| 22 | know | know | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 good | advcl |
| 23 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 capable | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 capable | cc |
| 25 | probably | probably | ADV | _ | 28 capable | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 probably | punct |
| 27 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 28 capable | mark |
| 28 | capable | capable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 knows | conj |
| 29 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 speech | case |
| 30 | speech | speech | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 capable | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 tell | punct |
| 32 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 tell | nsubj |
| 33 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 tell | aux |
| 34 | tell | tell | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 capable | conj |
| 35 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 34 tell | iobj |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 stories | det |
| 37 | strangest | strange | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 38 stories | amod |
| 38 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 tell | obj |
| 39 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 air | case |
| 40 | air | air | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 stories | nmod |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 water | cc |
| 42 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 air | conj |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 knows | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | present | faith | a great deal | certainly property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | tread | present | we | the earth | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on which=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | is | would | we not said here | good property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | know | to-infinitive | us | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | tell speech: assert | could | faith | the strangest stories of air and water | us | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient story=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «In Ghostly Japan» by Lafcadio Hearn, Project Gutenberg book 8128 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8128/9/83/