Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 10, sentence 45
But as it drew towards evening, and the light failed, did he think to see a tower, so strongly builded that none by force might lightly win their way within; but no doorway might he see, only, as it were, another tower that stood there.
Who acts: shelter, light, none, doorway, tower · What happens: draw, fail, think, see, builde, win · To what, where: tower, way
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shelter, light, none, doorway), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 4 drew | cc |
| 2 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 drew | mark |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 drew | nsubj |
| 4 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 6 evening | case |
| 6 | evening | evening | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 drew | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 failed | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 failed | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 light | det |
| 10 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 failed | nsubj |
| 11 | failed | fail | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 drew | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 think | punct |
| 13 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 think | aux |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 think | nsubj |
| 15 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 failed | conj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 see | mark |
| 17 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 think | xcomp |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 tower | det |
| 19 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 see | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 builded | punct |
| 21 | so | so | ADV | _ | 23 builded | advmod |
| 22 | strongly | strongly | ADV | _ | 23 builded | advmod |
| 23 | builded | builde | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 think | ccomp |
| 24 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 win | mark |
| 25 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 30 win | nsubj |
| 26 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 force | case |
| 27 | force | force | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 none | nmod |
| 28 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 win | aux |
| 29 | lightly | lightly | ADV | _ | 30 win | advmod |
| 30 | win | win | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 builded | advcl |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 way | nmod:poss |
| 32 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 win | obj |
| 33 | within | within | ADP | _ | 30 win | obl |
| 34 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 see | punct |
| 35 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 40 see | cc |
| 36 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 37 doorway | det |
| 37 | doorway | doorway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 see | nsubj |
| 38 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 see | aux |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 see | nsubj |
| 40 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 drew | conj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 only | punct |
| 42 | only | only | ADV | _ | 40 see | advmod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 tower | punct |
| 44 | as | as | ADP | _ | 49 tower | case |
| 45 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 tower | nsubj |
| 46 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 tower | cop |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 tower | punct |
| 48 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 49 tower | det |
| 49 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 see | obl |
| 50 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 51 stood | nsubj |
| 51 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 tower | acl:relcl |
| 52 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 51 stood | advmod |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 drew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | past | shelter | evening | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | fail | past | the light | vn succeed-74-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | think speech: other | past · do-support | light | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | see | to-infinitive | light not said here | a tower | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tower=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | builde | participle | strongly property | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | win | might | none by force | beasts's way | lightly property | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Eventuality | |||
| 7 | see | might | no doorway | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 8 | is | past | shelter | as another tower | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | stand | past | another tower | there | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/10/45/