Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 10, sentence 61
And further he spake concerning my brother Perceval, and the Spear, and the Grail; for that golden stairway betokened the Holy Grail, and that Perceval should aid in the winning thereof, and in that service should he die.
Who acts: door, Perceval · What happens: speak, concern, betoken, aid, win, die · To what, where: Spear, brother, Holy Grail · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (door, Perceval), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 2 further | cc |
| 2 | further | far | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 4 spake | advmod |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 spake | nsubj |
| 4 | spake | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | concerning | concern | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 spake | xcomp |
| 6 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 brother | nmod:poss |
| 7 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 concerning | obj |
| 8 | Perceval | Perceval | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 brother | appos |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 Spear | punct |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 Spear | cc |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 Spear | det |
| 12 | Spear | spear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spake | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Grail | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 Grail | cc |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 Grail | det |
| 16 | Grail | grail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spake | obl |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 betokened | punct |
| 18 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 stairway | case |
| 19 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 21 stairway | det |
| 20 | golden | golden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 stairway | amod |
| 21 | stairway | stairway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 betokened | obl |
| 22 | betokened | betoken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 spake | conj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Grail | det |
| 24 | Holy | Holy | PROPN | _ | 25 Grail | compound |
| 25 | Grail | Grail | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 betokened | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 aid | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 aid | cc |
| 28 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 31 aid | mark |
| 29 | Perceval | Perceval | PROPN | Number=Sing | 31 aid | nsubj |
| 30 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 aid | aux |
| 31 | aid | aid | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 betokened | conj |
| 32 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 34 winning | mark |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 winning | det |
| 34 | winning | win | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 31 aid | advcl |
| 35 | thereof | thereof | ADV | _ | 34 winning | advmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 die | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 die | cc |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 service | case |
| 39 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 40 service | det |
| 40 | service | service | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 die | obl |
| 41 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 die | aux |
| 42 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 die | nsubj |
| 43 | die | die | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 betokened | conj |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 spake | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | past | door | the Spear | the Grail obl; far property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | concern | gerund | door not said here | my brother | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus brother=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | betoken | past | door not said here | the Holy Grail | for that golden stairway | tree rules | |||
| 4 | aid | should | Perceval | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | win | gerund | Perceval not said here | thereof property | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | die | should | door | in that service | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in service=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/10/61/