Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch, Opening, part 10, sentence 63
And the door that stood above and the stairway itself both alike betokened the heavenly kingdom, as might well be known by the light that shone within; and the steps that lay before it they betokened the days of Perceval's life. '
Who acts: door, stairway, light, steps · What happens: stand, betoken, know, shine, lay · To what, where: heavenly kingdom
This is a sentence of «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (door, stairway, light, steps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 stood | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 door | det |
| 3 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 stood | nsubj |
| 4 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 stood | nsubj |
| 5 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | above | above | ADV | _ | 5 stood | advmod |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 betokened | cc |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 stairway | det |
| 9 | stairway | stairway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 betokened | nsubj |
| 10 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 9 stairway | nmod:unmarked |
| 11 | both | both | ADV | _ | 13 betokened | advmod |
| 12 | alike | alike | ADV | _ | 13 betokened | advmod |
| 13 | betokened | betoken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 stood | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 kingdom | det |
| 15 | heavenly | heavenly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 kingdom | amod |
| 16 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 betokened | obj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 known | punct |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 22 known | mark |
| 19 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 known | aux |
| 20 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 22 known | advmod |
| 21 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 22 known | aux:pass |
| 22 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 betokened | parataxis |
| 23 | by | by | ADP | _ | 25 light | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 light | det |
| 25 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 known | obl |
| 26 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 shone | nsubj |
| 27 | shone | shine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 light | acl:relcl |
| 28 | within | within | ADP | _ | 27 shone | obl |
| 29 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 betokened | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 betokened | cc |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 steps | det |
| 32 | steps | step | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 betokened | nsubj |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 34 lay | nsubj |
| 34 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 steps | acl:relcl |
| 35 | before | before | ADP | _ | 36 it | case |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 lay | obl |
| 37 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 38 betokened | nsubj |
| 38 | betokened | betoken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 stood | conj |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 days | det |
| 40 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 betokened | obj |
| 41 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 life | case |
| 42 | Perceval | Perceval | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 life | nmod:poss |
| 43 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 42 Perceval | case |
| 44 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 days | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 stood | punct |
| 46 | ' | ' | PUNCT | _ | 5 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | the door | that nsubj; above property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | betoken | past | the stairway service | the heavenly kingdom | alike, both property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | know | might · passive | the light | well property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | shine | past | the light | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | lay | present | the steps | before step | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent before it=Destination | ||||
| 6 | betoken | past | the steps | day | pain nsubj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Morien: A Metrical Romance Rendered into English Prose from the Mediæval Dutch» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 8447 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg8447/10/63/